Vetiver Grass Technology Data Base

Compiled by Mike Pease (1998)

To be updated in January 2000

 

 

 

A data base is now available. It is accompanied by a list of the categories (13) and sub-categories under which items are listed.

The data base currently consists of just over 1,100 items extracted from the following publications:

  • World Bank Technical Paper No 273 - Vetiver Grass for Soil and Water Conservation, Land Rehabilitation, and Embankment Stabilization. This incorporates all earlier Newsletters and the Vetiver Handbook. Itemised in the D. Base as "W.B. Tech 273"
  • Newsletters at Vetiver Network FTP site
  • "Vetiver Grass-A thin Green Line against Erosion" produced by the Board on Science and Technology for International Development, National Research Council, USA. Itemised in the D. Base as, "BOSTID".
  • United States Department of Agriculture Workshop on Grass Hedges for Erosion Control, 1996--Executive Summary. Itemised in the D. Base as "USDA W'sp 96".

The data base will be maintained on a regular basis with extracts from publications, such as Newsletters, as they become available.

This first attempt at producing a data base will need improvement over time. For instance, it may be necessary to improve upon main and sub-categorization; unnecessary duplications may have been included; abbreviations may not be clear. Members are invited to submit suggestions for the improvement of the data base, other than its complete revision, direct to: Michael Pease, Quinta das Espargosas, Odiaxere, 8600 Lagos, Algarve, Portugal.

Tel/fax: 351-82-79 84 66. E-mail:[email protected]

Data Base Headings

Alternatives Nursery-pests Soils-hydrophyte Traits-weeds
Conservation-soil Nursery-planting Soils-pH Traits-wildlife
Conservation-water Nursery-pots Soils-saline Trees/forestry
Costings Nursery-preparation Taxonomy Uses-conservation
Field ops mechanics Nursery-production Traits-altitude Uses-dams/canals
Field ops-chemicals Nursery-seed Traits-chemicals Uses-domestic
Field ops-frost Nursery-soil Traits-climate Uses-engineering
Field ops-general Nursery-spacing Traits-costs Uses-fodder
Field ops-growth Nursery-tillers Traits-engineering Uses-general
Field ops-labour Nursery-trimming Traits-fire Uses-handicrafts
Field ops-links Overview-fertiliser Traits-general Uses-livestock
Field ops-livestock Overview-general Traits-growth Uses-medical
Field ops-mulch Overview-history Traits-latitude Uses-mulch
Field ops-nutrients Overview-land Traits-links Uses-oil
Field ops-pests Overview-moisture Traits-livestock Uses-onfarm
Field ops-planting Overview-names Traits-mulch Uses-pests/disease
Field ops-production Overview-Network Traits-oil Uses-soils
Field ops-spacing Overview-production Traits-pests Uses-waste control
Field ops-trimming Overview-research Traits-pollution Water management
Field ops-water Overview-spread Traits-production Wildlife-birds
Nursery-chemicals Pests-chemicals Traits-shade Wildlife-fish
Nursery-general Pests-disease Traits-slopes Wildlife-general
Nursery-harvesting Pests-pests Traits-soils Wildlife-rodents
Nursery-irrigation Soils-black cotton Traits-temperature  
Nursery-nutrients Soils-general Traits-water  

Note referenced document follows subcategory item

Note. WB# refers to page number in World Bank Technical Paper #273. BOSTID. refers to page number in "Vetiver Grass - A Thin Green Line Against Erosion". Newsletter Vetiver Newsletter. Back issues at Vetiver FTP Site

 


Primary   Reference
Heading Notation and Page No
Alternatives Black locust should make effective hedge-China WB#273 p128
Alternatives Caragana (small leguminous tree)-China WB#273 p84
Alternatives Close relatives-Listed BOSTID p116
Alternatives Comparison different species erosion/runoff India - See Table WB#273 p207
Alternatives Comparison with other hedge barriers-India WB#273 p185
Alternatives Contour cultivation, mulches, crop rotations, strip cropping BOSTID p58
Alternatives Distant relatives - Listed BOSTID p114
Alternatives Eastern Gama Grass (EGG) - Trypsacum dactyloides USDA '96 p1
Alternatives EGG- large roots die in 2 yrs; large pores allow good water flow USDA '96 p2
Alternatives EGG- more earthworms + birds in or near hedges USDA '96 p3
Alternatives EGG- populations of insects + predators higher in or near hedges USDA '96 p3
Alternatives EGG- reduced runoff by up to 46% USDA '96 p1
Alternatives EGG- reduces wind/evaporation; improves infiltration, aids soil biofactors USDA '96 p3
Alternatives EGG- roots extend through hardpan to 200cm - USA Newsletter#17 p41
Alternatives EGG- Wattling technique, erosion control USDA '96 p1
Alternatives Engineered systems: ground covers; broad grass strips, tied ridges BOSTID p58
Alternatives Jiji grass-Achnatherum splendens, area of high pH, i.e. >7.5 WB#273 p84
Alternatives King, dwarf elephant, Arachis pintoii - all spreaders Newsletter#17 p26
Alternatives Lemon grass has to be replanted every 4-5 years WB#273 p78
Alternatives More resistant to stem borers than lemon grass WB#273 p78
Alternatives No-till farming; forestry;agro-forestry; living fences BOSTID p58
Alternatives Other species ineffective for run-off prevention WB#273 p13
Alternatives Pampas grass for temperate areas WB#273 p122
Alternatives Pampas grass is serious weed WB#273 p122
Alternatives Plant Switch grass/Gama grass 65-80�F 1" below surface - USA Newsletter#15 p41
Alternatives Sea Buckthorn, a shrub Hippophae rhamnoides - China WB#273 p84
Alternatives Switch grass (Panicum virgatum) has potential in USA Newsletter#15 p40
Alternatives Tall grass hedges reduced crop yields unless hedges trimmed USDA '96 p1
Alternatives Temperate-zone species - Listed BOSTID p121
Alternatives Tropical grasses unrelated to vetiver - Listed BOSTID p119
Alternatives Vegetative barriers, soil buildup reduced slope from 7% to 5% USDA '96 p1
Alternatives Vetiver & Nephrolepis (fern) most efficient, dense hedgerows Newsletter#15 p23
Alternatives Vetiver more tolerant to high salinity than Paspalum WB#273 p102
Alternatives Weeping Lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula) BOSTID p126
Conservation-soil 1 mm soil loss/ha = 15 tons BOSTID p56
Conservation-soil 1 x hedge 1m from embankment top; 1 x hedge at top of embankment Newsletter#13 p20
Conservation-soil 1m VI on all slopes <15%; >15% x 2.5 soil depth WB#273 p66
Conservation-soil 73% less soil loss in vetiver plots - India WB#273 p52
Conservation-soil <5% slopes 10 cm silt deposited per annum WB#273 p241
Conservation-soil Across vleis blocking runoff - Zimbabwe BOSTID p22
Conservation-soil Along pathways to conserve soil - Tunisia BOSTID p23
Conservation-soil Areas below banks too dry; channel areas too wet WB#273 p220
Conservation-soil Around pond banks collects sediments, avoids collapse WB#273 p196
Conservation-soil Bank removes soil & removes 5m strip of land from production WB#273 p220
Conservation-soil Benefits of between contour bank cropping not well understood WB#273 p7
Conservation-soil Complex gully head stablization- use overlapping short rows Newsletter#13 p20
Conservation-soil Contour bunded soil loss 13.5 t/ha; hedge soil loss 8.0 tons/ha WB#273 p51
Conservation-soil Contour cultivation 12% soil reduction; adding bunds makes no difference WB#273 p50
Conservation-soil Crop rotation practices + green manures/organic mulch = sustainable agric BOSTID p87
Conservation-soil Deep soil yield-green gram, pigeon pea, pearl millet, safflower WB#273 p97
Conservation-soil Different spacings gave little reduction soil/water loss - Thailand Newsletter#15 p24
Conservation-soil Don't plant along toe of wall; necessary to stop seepage WB#273 p240
Conservation-soil Don't plant on top of bunds; negates filtering capacity WB#273 p259
Conservation-soil Double or triple line across stream bed WB#273 p230
Conservation-soil Earthmoving WB#273 p5
Conservation-soil Effect of contour hedges - Panama - See Photos Newsletter#15 p39
Conservation-soil Effect of hedgerows on soil loss and run-off Newsletter#13 p27
Conservation-soil Effective in erosion control from wave action on dams Newsletter#15 p32
Conservation-soil Embankment loses farmland - 1 ha for each 20 ha treated WB#273 p220
Conservation-soil Embankment stabilization -1 hdge 1m from top edge; 1 hedge on bank top Newsletter#13 p20
Conservation-soil Engineering - symptoms not disease WB#273 p114
Conservation-soil Erosion control on fallow lands - India - See Photo Newsletter#14 p17
Conservation-soil Erosion reduced by 72% Newsletter#15 p25
Conservation-soil Farmers against terracing steep slopes; occupies too much land + hard work WB#273 p134
Conservation-soil Farmers prefer contour vegetative barriers of local grasses to vetiver Newsletter#15 p22
Conservation-soil Fast flowing gullies hedges - 10-20 m apart Newsletter#13 p20
Conservation-soil Fertiliser loss - Table, N, P and organic carbons WB#273 p7
Conservation-soil Flexibility in barrier spacing Newsletter#13 p12
Conservation-soil Gully control - start planting at top for early establishment WB#273 p15
Conservation-soil Gully head stabilization - 3-5m above head Newsletter#13 p20
Conservation-soil Gully stabilization - India - See Photo Newsletter#14 p21
Conservation-soil Hedgerows & mulch combined give good soil conservation - Venezuela Newsletter#15 p23
Conservation-soil Less soil loss than: banks 43%; contour cultivation 74%; leucaena 54% BOSTID p13
Conservation-soil Long & fast flowing gullies; hedges at 10-20m apart Newsletter#13 p20
Conservation-soil Many mechanised methods failed WB#273 p215
Conservation-soil Maximum acceptable arable land slope 12% - Central Africa WB#273 p10
Conservation-soil Maximum acceptable arable land slope 25% - Philippines WB#273 p10
Conservation-soil Maximum acceptable arable land slope 35% - Isreal WB#273 p10
Conservation-soil No cultivation > 30% slopes - Ethiopia WB#273 p10
Conservation-soil OK for slopes <30% (15�); steeper slopes doubtful - China WB#273 p126
Conservation-soil Plant downside of mitre drain - Panama Newsletter#15 p39
Conservation-soil Possible to control flood flow & erosion on cropped flood plain Newsletter#14 p26
Conservation-soil Protects fish pond walls - Java Newsletter#14 p28
Conservation-soil Rainfall conservation WB#273 p7
Conservation-soil Reduced sediment yields 74-43%, vetiver compared to cross slope & bunds WB#273 p68
Conservation-soil Reduced soil erosion up to 65% - India Newsletter#15 p25
Conservation-soil Reduced soil loss terracing 63%; vetiver 87% WB#273 p108
Conservation-soil Reduces erosion by wave action on dam walls - Queensland, Australia Newsletter#14 p16
Conservation-soil Reduces soil loss by 8-11 t/ha; can be >40t/ha WB#273 p203
Conservation-soil Reduction in soil loss - See Graph WB#273 p54
Conservation-soil Reduction in soil loss vs control 67% - China Newsletter#18 p.41
Conservation-soil Relative humidity increased by 5%; air temperature fell 1-2% - China Newsletter#15 p22
Conservation-soil River levee protection WB#273 p236
Conservation-soil Riverbanks & canal banks - Tanzania WB#273 p239
Conservation-soil Rock based roadside & embankment stablization - Trinidad WB#273 p217
Conservation-soil Runoff reduced 60-93% - China Newsletter#15 p22
Conservation-soil Runoff reduced about 70% over contours - Southern India Newsletter#15 p22
Conservation-soil Sandy soils by Yr 30 useless if no protection; with protection >450 years Newsletter#17 p42
Conservation-soil Shallow soil yield-green gram, pigeon pea, pearl millet, safflower WB#273 p98
Conservation-soil Sheet erosion & trees - See Diagram WB#273 p219
Conservation-soil Sheet erosion - See Diagram WB#273 p218
Conservation-soil Sheet erosion impact on soil fertility WB#273 p7
Conservation-soil Silt loss reduced: 25t/ha to 6t/ha on 2% slope WB#273 p242
Conservation-soil Slope not constraint if on contour; 50% slopes used in Fiji WB#273 p10
Conservation-soil Slope Table WB#273 p37
Conservation-soil Slopes/Spacings between rows Malaysia Newsletter#13 p23
Conservation-soil Slopes/Vertical Intervals - See Table Newsletter#13 p21
Conservation-soil Soil & water conservation in tea lands very good - Sri Lanka Newsletter#15 p24
Conservation-soil Soil loss dropped from 11t/ha to 3t/ha with 3-month hedge-black soils India BOSTID p4
Conservation-soil Soil loss in badly managed lands 25-80 t/ha = 50t soil loss per ton maize Newsletter#17 p42
Conservation-soil Soil loss reduced 142 t/ha to 1.3 t/ha WB#273 p249
Conservation-soil Soil loss reduced by 21.4 tons/ha - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Conservation-soil Soil loss reduced by >80% WB#273 p249
Conservation-soil Soil loss reduced by mean of 70% compared to leucaena/earth bunds WB#273 p203
Conservation-soil Soil loss reduced ex 52 t/ha to 18 t/ha by contour cultivation-India Newsletter#15 p20
Conservation-soil Soil loss reduction across/along slope 71.59% & 45.5% Newsletter#13 p32
Conservation-soil Soil loss/water runoff for cassava & forage production - See Table WB#273 p148
Conservation-soil Soil loss: contour vs Vetiver: 25.5, 16.9; 7.6 t/ha WB#273 p53
Conservation-soil Soil stabilization on 100% slope - Panama - See Photo Newsletter#15 p37
Conservation-soil Stabilized river banks & reduced sediment flow into rivers - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Conservation-soil Sugarcane grown on 100% slopes - Fiji WB#273 p10
Conservation-soil Synopsis of yield, soil loss, run-off - See Table WB#273 p67
Conservation-soil Topsoil trapped by hedge; slope stabilized - See Photo BOSTID p42
Conservation-soil Traps 600gm/m surface soil loss against 18 gm/m for cowgrass Newsletter#17 p32
Conservation-soil Traps organic matter, creates micro habitat, indigenous grasses established Newsletter#15 p25
Conservation-soil Unnatural interventions WB#273 p7
Conservation-soil Uses only 50 cm wide strip for lateral spread WB#273 p220
Conservation-soil V. zizanioides/nigritana/Andropogon gayanus compared in semi arid condits Newsletter#15 p19
Conservation-soil Vetiver + deep furrows 3.6m intervals reduced soil loss by 56% Newsletter#15 p22
Conservation-soil Vetiver hedge 51% reduction in soil loss WB#273 p51
Conservation-soil Water & soil loss decreased by 56% and 95% with hedge WB#273 p136
Conservation-soil Yield increase 7.04-22.37% over contour cultivation Newsletter#15 p22
Conservation-water Labat system field drain protection described - Zimbabwe Newsletter#17 p36
Conservation-water Reduced run-off: 30% banks; 47% contour cultivation; 24% leucaena BOSTID p13
Conservation-water Reduced water loss 50-60% plus increased crop yield 25% Newsletter#15 p25
Conservation-water Retained 3-9% more moisture than other grasses and shrubs BOSTID p14
Conservation-water Vetiver + deep furrows 3.6 m intervals reduced water runoff by 65% Newsletter#15 p22
Conservation-water Water holding capacity 5.5% more than control - China Newsletter#18 p.41
Conservation-water Water run-off reduced by 32% - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Costings Benefit:cost treatments/cost - See Table WB#273 p186
Costings Bunds cost US$60/ha; vetiver costs $20/ha -India BOSTID p67
Costings Cost of vetiver establishment US$s/per/ha, by slope & labour cost - Table WB#273 p247
Costings Costings detailed - Thailand Newsletter#15 p11
Costings Farmer-owned nursery costs - China 1989 - See Table WB#273 p24
Costings Field costs for establishing vetiver hedges 1988 - See Table WB#273 p23
Costings Initial establishment US$8 per 100m run WB#273 p242
Costings Mechanised: US$900/ha; vetiver: US$200 - China BOSTID p67
Costings Nursery 2-row polybag arrangement- US$0.05/plant - Bangladesh 1992 WB#273 p157
Costings Nursery start-up costs US$3,000 - Bagladesh 1992 WB#273 p157
Costings Per ha. budget for development of vetiver nursery - India 1988 WB#273 p22
Costings Production & planting cost = US$0.60/m dated 1993 WB#273 p256
Costings Providing and planting vetiver US$1.3/linear meter - South Africa, 1996 Newsletter#17 p36
Costings Terracing cost US$825/ha; vetiver cost US$165/ha WB#273 p136
Costings US$500 for conventional engineered; US$300 for vetiver WB#273 p250
Costings Vetiver stabilization is 10% cost of stone based technology - China Newsletter#18 p.1
Field ops mechanics Harvesting-use subsoiler or converted potato harvester - El Salvador Newsletter#17 p28
Field ops mechanics Mowing-special sickle bar mounted mower WB#273 p159
Field ops mechanics Root digger-large tractor driven; 16" deep, 2 rows clumps/pass WB#273 p159
Field ops mechanics Stump slicer-2 sets gang-saws, slices in clumps 4-6 seedlings WB#273 p159
Field ops mechanics Transplanter-4-6 row, 30-38"rows - modified tobacco planter WB#273 p158
Field ops-chemicals Glyphosphate & fluazifop-butyl phytotoxic to vetiver WB#273 p138
Field ops-chemicals Glyphosphate, fluazifop-p-butyl & Setoxidin control suppresses vetiver WB#273 p143
Field ops-chemicals Herbicide control of field grown vetiver - See table 9 WB#273 p143
Field ops-chemicals Herbicide control of in greenhouse - See table 8 WB#273 p142
Field ops-chemicals Herbicide Metsulfuron-methyl best weed control, 400l/ha WB#273 p138
Field ops-chemicals Humic acid used successfully to induce root growth in young tillers WB#273 p256
Field ops-chemicals Pre-emergent (all) & 2,4D herbicides can be used Newsletter#13 p20
Field ops-chemicals Selected herbicides summarised - Malaysia Newsletter#13 p31
Field ops-frost Burn back if frosted - Texas WB#273 p151
Field ops-general Alley cropping - See Reference Newsletter#14 p24
Field ops-general Alley system with vetiver hedges could control erosion - Indonesia Newsletter#15 p9
Field ops-general Combine barrier + other practices to reverse degredation & boost fertility Newsletter#13 p11
Field ops-general Cut and clean against weeds - Philippines Newsletter#16 p4
Field ops-general Easily eliminated mechanically or chemically Newsletter#14 p8
Field ops-general Hedges in sugar cane field - See Photos - South Africa Newsletter#14 p7
Field ops-general Included in sustainable farming systems - Mali WB#273 p57
Field ops-general Lateral spreading control - plow along boundary WB#273 p18
Field ops-general Leaves turn reddish from middle to tips; caused by cold temperatures Newsletter#15 p5
Field ops-general Maintenance negligible WB#273 p250
Field ops-general Management specifications - Listed Newsletter#13 p31
Field ops-general Modified A level - Malawi Newsletter#18 p.54
Field ops-general Sprayed with Gramoxone, then burnt; good recovery followed Newsletter#14 p13
Field ops-general Spread trapped soil up hill above hedge every 5-7 years Newsletter#15 p28
Field ops-general Water course control on sugar estate - South Africa - See Photo Newsletter#14 p6
Field ops-general Watercourse stabilization - See Diagram WB#273 p188
Field ops-general Weed management important for quality hedgerows WB#273 p173
Field ops-growth Height 1m in 6 months; tillering 50-60 slips/clump ex 10-15 slips Newsletter#18 p.37
Field ops-growth Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi improves growth - See Table WB#273 p115
Field ops-growth No harm in plants flowering; seeds are sterile WB#273 p18
Field ops-growth Root inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi improves growth WB#273 p115
Field ops-labour 60-120m hedge per person/day against 5-10m wall/ditch person/day Newsletter#13 p12
Field ops-labour Farmer can plant about 100m/day in difficult conditions; 200m in easy WB#273 p256
Field ops-labour Labour costs for planting with small pots: US$40/100m - Malaysia 1992 WB#273 p139
Field ops-labour Vetiver needs more labour/time management - Thailand Newsletter#15 p9
Field ops-links Beneficial effect on Cassava; imperative use of water and fertiliser WB#273 p147
Field ops-links Better rattooning with sugar if protected by vetiver hedge Newsletter#13 p23
Field ops-links Cassava unaffected by vetiver hedge - Columbia WB#273 p140
Field ops-links Leucaena & pigeon peas-alley cropping with fruit trees Newsletter#15 p28
Field ops-links Maize grown near vetiver hedge better than near Napier grass Newsletter#16 p4
Field ops-links Maize production increased by 105% Newsletter#15 p25
Field ops-links Mature hedge depressed yields in 1st two rows sorghum - Australia Newsletter#15 p36
Field ops-links No cultivation within 20 cm WB#273 p186
Field ops-links No inference with herbs planted next to hedge Newsletter#16 p34
Field ops-links Plant vetiver at same time or earlier as adjacent crops WB#273 p179
Field ops-links Some yield reduction in crop rows nearest hedge WB#273 p71
Field ops-links Sorghum yield unaffected by hedge Newsletter#15 p37
Field ops-links Sorghum, pigeon-pea & castor higher with vetiver than engineered WB#273 p183
Field ops-links Sugar cane yield increased 55% if protected by vetiver hedge Newsletter#13 p23
Field ops-links Sugarcane 7-8 ratoon crops with vetiver hedge - Fiji Newsletter#13 p17
Field ops-links Tall grass hedges reduce yields in crop rows immediately adjacent Newsletter#17 p40
Field ops-links Water competition in 1st row of maize; not 2nd - See Photo Newsletter#14 p6
Field ops-links Yield reduction in crop rows nearest hedge compensated by remainder WB#273 p71
Field ops-livestock 0.40 ha vetiver sufficient for 1 cow + 1 heifer up to 60 days - Lesotho Newsletter#14 p15
Field ops-livestock Cattle have to develop taste for vetiver - Lesotho Newsletter#14 p15
Field ops-livestock If cut green, nutritive value between Napier grass & fresh corn Newsletter#14 p15
Field ops-livestock Residual leaf after topping for livestock feed - India - See Photos Newsletter#14 p18
Field ops-mulch 3 yrs mulch + erosion control improved soils in orchards WB#273 p180
Field ops-mulch Compared to coffee husk & grasses - Ethiopia Newsletter#13 p14
Field ops-mulch Contains N,P,K and Mg - Malaysia BOSTID p44
Field ops-mulch Effect as mulch on rubber disappointing - Malaysia WB#273 p174
Field ops-mulch Green weight tons per 100m2: Yrs 1-3 = 11.4, 14.7, 17.8 WB#273 p179
Field ops-mulch Impact on soil properties of 3 years mulching - See Table WB#273 p180
Field ops-mulch Lasts longer WB#273 p65
Field ops-mulch Mulch better than rice straw in orange orchards - China WB#273 p137
Field ops-mulch Reduced rhizome temperatures; humidity and soil moisture increased WB#273 p180
Field ops-mulch Spread leaves + dead grass around slips when planting in dry conditions Newsletter#15 p31
Field ops-nutrients 1 application 18-46-0 @ 15g/m + 3 applications Urea @ 10gms Newsletter#13 p12
Field ops-nutrients 100-250 kg/ha DAP basal 2-3 split application; N @ 100-250kg/ha Newsletter#14 p20
Field ops-nutrients 15 gms 18-46-0/linear m. x1 & 10 grams Urea x 3 doubles tillering rate Newsletter#13 p12
Field ops-nutrients 20 kg/ha each of P & K20 increased oil yield; not root yield WB#273 p117
Field ops-nutrients After 1 year's growth + fertiliser: 30-50 tillers; 10-15 without WB#273 p135
Field ops-nutrients Application of N, P & K better split by time & nutrient - China Newsletter#18 p.46
Field ops-nutrients Apply NPK in split dressings - China/Hong Kong Newsletter#15 p19
Field ops-nutrients Basal dose DAP 5.00 gm/hole or 10 gm/polypot Newsletter#14 p22
Field ops-nutrients Basal manure & top dressing necessary for highway embankments Newsletter#18 p.39
Field ops-nutrients Chicken dung good - Malaysia WB#273 p94
Field ops-nutrients Chicken manure gives good start - South Africa Newsletter#17 p35
Field ops-nutrients Diammonium phosphate for fast tillering WB#273 p231
Field ops-nutrients Dry weight of vetiver increased by mycorrhizal fungi WB#273 p116
Field ops-nutrients Effect of CaMg Phosphate not significant but height and tillering better WB#273 p106
Field ops-nutrients Fertiliser effect-increase in tiller production 56% first year; 183% 2nd WB#273 p152
Field ops-nutrients Fertiliser increased number of tillers & seed heads - Mississippi, USA WB#273 p117
Field ops-nutrients For oil production apply as fertiliser residual of ashes from burnt roots Newsletter#14 p31
Field ops-nutrients Influence of fertiliser on tillers, bareland - Hong Kong - Se Tables Newsletter#17 p24
Field ops-nutrients Mature hdges do not need fertiliser; nutrients filtered from field WB#273 p18
Field ops-nutrients Mycorrhizal fungi may help early growth in alkaline soils WB#273 p116
Field ops-nutrients Organic + inorganic fertiliser best for bare land - Hong Kong Newsletter#17 p24
Field ops-nutrients Organic manures + N, P & K best - China Newsletter#18 p.46
Field ops-nutrients P & N together beneficial WB#273 p152
Field ops-nutrients Responded to N & P; not gypsum - See Photo WB#273 p177
Field ops-nutrients Sloping land, organic manure better than inorganic; but NPH & FYM best Newsletter#15 p19
Field ops-nutrients Split applications of inorganic fertiliser best - Hong Kong Newsletter#17 p24
Field ops-nutrients Survival affected by application of inorganic, organic polymers WB#273 p208
Field ops-nutrients Transplanted on farmland needs no fertiliser - Hong Kong Newsletter#17 p23
Field ops-nutrients Vetiver with N & P in alkaline/sodic soil - See Photo WB#273 p177
Field ops-pests BHC 10% @2.00Qtls/ha precautionary when required for pest control Newsletter#14 p20
Field ops-pests Borers problem if with corn & sugarcane; vetiver unaffected - El Salvador Newsletter#17 p28
Field ops-pests Leaf-cutter ants eat young leaves if planted on top of nest - El Salvador Newsletter#17 p28
Field ops-pests Pesticide "Rifulene" effective against sticky worm WB#273 p80
Field ops-pests Rates of application for herbicides; weed control - See Table WB#273 p132
Field ops-pests Stemborer control: trim to 3cm above ground in winter WB#273 p77
Field ops-pests Trim agnst Maya birds (small red rice eaters) - San Salvador Newsletter#16 p4
Field ops-planting "V" ditch survival better; increases from 55% to 80% WB#273 p204
Field ops-planting 10-15 cm interval best; 3-4 tillers per slip WB#273 p138
Field ops-planting 10� slope: 2m VI WB#273 p136
Field ops-planting 200 m/day in Madagascar = about US$2 per hectare Newsletter#18 p.5
Field ops-planting 3 slips at 5 cm intervals; good survival & rapid hedge creation-Bangalore WB#273 p75
Field ops-planting 30 ft intervals on 100% slope - Puerto Rico Newsletter#15 p15
Field ops-planting 4 slips at 15 cm intervals -gives best results under semi arid conditions WB#273 p75
Field ops-planting 5-7 slips at 15 cm intervals for temperate climate conditions - China WB#273 p75
Field ops-planting 57 plants gave 16,000 tillers - Malaysia BOSTID p41
Field ops-planting Averaged contour OK for Vetiver; embankment must follow contour WB#273 p224
Field ops-planting Avoid old material that has flowered or seeded WB#273 p43
Field ops-planting Avoid shaded places Newsletter#14 p29
Field ops-planting Avoid waterlogging WB#273 p48
Field ops-planting Below 300mm rainfall plant at bottom of 160� 2m V ditch WB#273 p18
Field ops-planting Can be left for 10 days WB#273 p16
Field ops-planting Clay soils plant 2-3 slips every 10 cm WB#273 p47
Field ops-planting Combine barriers with forestry e.g. nitrgoben fixing trees Newsletter#13 p12
Field ops-planting Combine barriers with Leucaena spp direct seeded along bariers Newsletter#13 p12
Field ops-planting Compacting important around slip WB#273 p47
Field ops-planting Culms pegged down with U-shaped wire gave good results - Malaysia WB#273 p175
Field ops-planting Culms planting - slit sheath WB#273 p87
Field ops-planting Culms-7-10 days buds; 10-15 days new roots - China WB#273 p108
Field ops-planting Cut culms produce many branches at internodes; good procedure WB#273 p87
Field ops-planting Cut tops 15-20 cm from base; cut roots 10 cm below base WB#273 p231
Field ops-planting Delay of 3 days from nursery results in 70% reduction in survival WB#273 p208
Field ops-planting Dip in Azospirillum or 5% glucose solution for improved growth Newsletter#18 p.47
Field ops-planting dip in clay paste just before planting - China Newsletter#18 p.67
Field ops-planting Dip roots in 5-25 ppm 2,4-D, dilute fecal sewage/slurry - China Newsletter#18 p.20
Field ops-planting Effect of plant spacing on survival - See Table WB#273 p75
Field ops-planting Effect of spacing & density on hedge closure - See Table WB#273 p76
Field ops-planting Flat arid lands plant in V ditch WB#273 p11
Field ops-planting For <5% slopes plant 2-3 slips every 10 cm in 1 sq ft V ditch Newsletter#14 p22
Field ops-planting For >10% planted erosion prone locations intervals of 4-8m between hedges Newsletter#14 p23
Field ops-planting For >10% use staggered polypots, 3 polypots per meter Newsletter#14 p22
Field ops-planting Gap fill 3-4 weeks after planting - India WB#273 p186
Field ops-planting Gap filling - early with clumps, prune neighbouring plants WB#273 p49
Field ops-planting Gap filling - slip growth slow WB#273 p49
Field ops-planting Good hedgerow dependent on: plant quality, spacing & quantity of fertiliser WB#273 p91
Field ops-planting Good, young tillers for fast growth - Malaysia Newsletter#13 p29
Field ops-planting Highway embankmnts, steep slopes: 100% survival with polybag plants WB#273 p90
Field ops-planting Hole in furrow; avoid "J" bend in roots WB#273 p232
Field ops-planting Improved soil fertility from parallel line coppiced leucaena Newsletter#15 p31
Field ops-planting Layering good technique; bend culms over and cover WB#273 p49
Field ops-planting Layering technique for gaps WB#273 p243
Field ops-planting Loose soils, no water logging for higher quality paper production Newsletter#18 p.37
Field ops-planting Methods: tissue culture; ratoon; lateral budding; culms; cuttings WB#273 p160
Field ops-planting Minimum of 1.5 cm soil water for first planting WB#273 p46
Field ops-planting Multiplication by longitudinal-split stems described Newsletter#18 p.19
Field ops-planting Multiplication by Pedicel-culm cuttings described Newsletter#18 p.19
Field ops-planting Multiplication through pruning tops described Newsletter#18 p.19
Field ops-planting Oblique planting 45-60� possibly better- China Newsletter#18 p.20
Field ops-planting Oil production in Brazil- 0.5m between plants; 1m between rows Newsletter#14 p34
Field ops-planting On 1m VI railway embankment plant 6 rows on 0.25m wide mini benches Newsletter#15 p32
Field ops-planting Plant 10-20 cm apart - semi-arid conditions - Rajasthan WB#273 p208
Field ops-planting Plant at beginning of wet season, like rice planting WB#273 p231
Field ops-planting Plant crown (point of growth) below surface and cover well Newsletter#16 p36
Field ops-planting Plant for essential oil only in sub-humid tropics WB#273 p17
Field ops-planting Plant gullies and gully heads first on eroded arable lands WB#273 p243
Field ops-planting Plant in 15-30 cm deep furrow on contour WB#273 p46
Field ops-planting Plant on both sides of drains on steep slopes BOSTID p35
Field ops-planting Plant quality, spacing, fertiliser - Malaysia research results WB#273 p91
Field ops-planting plant wet for drought survival WB#273 p242
Field ops-planting Plant when mean daily temps > 15� C - China WB#273 p135
Field ops-planting Plant within 18 hours of uprooting for optimal performance - China Newsletter#18 p.46
Field ops-planting Planting of culms to reproduce grass successfully and fast - China WB#273 p108
Field ops-planting Planting on terrace lip reduced terrace collapse from 25% to 0% WB#273 p204
Field ops-planting Planting on top of bund is useless practice WB#273 p260
Field ops-planting Plants raised in pots speed up establishment of hedge barrier Newsletter#16 p6
Field ops-planting Plow furrow so not more than 2cm tops covered WB#273 p152
Field ops-planting Plugging slips into gully banks - Zimbabwe - See Figure WB#273 p146
Field ops-planting Polybag survival vs bare root - 98% vs 17% WB#273 p208
Field ops-planting Poorer sites need more slips; 4 slips at 5cm best but costly WB#273 p76
Field ops-planting Preparation of slips - India - See Photo Newsletter#14 p17
Field ops-planting Pruning tops and roots to 10 cm WB#273 p45
Field ops-planting Rapid establishment essential for highways, bridge abutments & culverts WB#273 p170
Field ops-planting Replanting may be necessary every 6-10 years in dry conditions WB#273 p205
Field ops-planting Sheet & rill erosion -2 rows not recommended WB#273 p123
Field ops-planting Slips planted at 3-50cm centres - gaps after 2-5 years - Papua New Guinea Newsletter#15 p30
Field ops-planting Slope spacing rule 1-2 m VI; 1m VI for lower slopes WB#273 p65
Field ops-planting Slopes 15-60% 600-2,400m barrier; 4-16,000 slips Newsletter#13 p12
Field ops-planting Small slope downslope of hedge for moisture stress areas WB#273 p48
Field ops-planting South India type of Vetiver opnly to be used BOSTID p66
Field ops-planting Suare mesh honeycomb planting defined - China Newsletter#18 p.67
Field ops-planting Survey markers use polybags at 3m intervals placed at 'T' and 'L' points Newsletter#13 p6
Field ops-planting Suvival with heel-in 97.5%; without 92.3% - China Newsletter#18 p.20
Field ops-planting Timing after uprooting 10-30 days OK WB#273 p45
Field ops-planting Vertical Interval - best not more than 2 m Newsletter#15 p30
Field ops-planting Vertical Interval between hedges - See Table Newsletter#13 p20
Field ops-planting Water cultivation for accelerating root growth described Newsletter#18 p.19
Field ops-planting Water essential for first 6-8 weeks - China Newsletter#18 p.16
Field ops-production 100 tons DM p.a. under irrig - Texas WB#273 p250
Field ops-production 1m barrier provides material for additional 5-15m within 1-2 years Newsletter#13 p12
Field ops-production 2-4 cuttings 5-16 t/ha biomass for mulching Newsletter#13 p27
Field ops-production 350 tons fresh leaf p.a. under irrigation - Texas, USA WB#273 p250
Field ops-production 40 tons dry biomass p.a. - Texas, USA WB#273 p162
Field ops-production 500-1000 kg prunings from 200m hedge in first year - China WB#273 p66
Field ops-production 6,000 btu/lb biomass WB#273 p162
Field ops-production Best quality oil-harvest >24 mnths <36 months Newsletter#14 p30
Field ops-production Compared to cross-slope and bunds yield increase: 26% and 6% WB#273 p68
Field ops-production Dried root yields 1.5 - 2% oil Newsletter#14 p30
Field ops-production For oil production, hedge damage should not be great WB#273 p49
Field ops-production Good root for oil has fine black rings Newsletter#14 p31
Field ops-production Mulch cut 3xp.a. reduced soil temps and runoff by 7% in tea/orchards WB#273 p108
Field ops-production Multiplied 38 x p.a. at 6,000 ft asl - Nepal Newsletter#14 p5
Field ops-production No harvest before 21-24 months for oil production - India Newsletter#14 p35
Field ops-production No yield decrease in droughty soils-for peanuts, castor or finger millet WB#273 p68
Field ops-production Non-acidic soils-no yield reduction: green gram, pearl millet, sorghum WB#273 p68
Field ops-production Oil quality depends on age of root and method of distillation Newsletter#14 p28
Field ops-production Oven dried roots = 17.5 MJ/kg, equivalent to 56% of coal energy WB#273 p168
Field ops-production Rich soil produces more oil per ton of root material Newsletter#14 p34
Field ops-production Sugarcane shows a 55% increase-with/without vetiver hedge - Malaysia Newsletter#13 p23
Field ops-production Tillering 6-20 in Northern China Newsletter#18 p.44
Field ops-production Tops cut at 40 cm good for sheep and Chinese carp WB#273 p96
Field ops-production Yield increases: cotton/sorghum: 25-60% BOSTID p67
Field ops-production Yields 6 t/ha biomass from hedges with 2m runs (VI 0.2m) Newsletter#13 p28
Field ops-spacing 5m intervals on 67% slope effective in 3,800-4,200mm rainfall/year Newsletter#13 p18
Field ops-spacing Close spacing - Mexico - See Photo Newsletter#16 p21
Field ops-spacing Effect of polybag size on hedge closure - See Table WB#273 p171
Field ops-spacing Optimum row/plant spacings - research described - Thailand Newsletter#17 p39
Field ops-spacing Sloped land space less than 15 cm - China Newsletter#18 p.39
Field ops-spacing Under semi-arid conditions plant at15-20 cm spacings < 2 slips/hill Newsletter#15 p19
Field ops-spacing Wide spacing (18-45 cm) never closed up - Costa Rica Newsletter#13 p9
Field ops-spacing Wider spacing = more DM WB#273 p131
Field ops-trimming Centres die out in old plants; topping keeps tight - St. Lucia BOSTID p35
Field ops-trimming Cut back once every 12-18 mnths - South Africa WB#273 p186
Field ops-trimming Cut to 30-50 cm. Dieback if too short. 40cm best WB#273 p87
Field ops-trimming Cut with scythes - Brazil Newsletter#14 p34
Field ops-trimming Limited pruning early Spring and early Autumn beneficial - China Newsletter#18 p.44
Field ops-trimming Mechanised topping more cost effective; use stremmer/bush wacker WB#273 p95
Field ops-trimming Mixed reports; rough trimming every year or two BOSTID p67
Field ops-trimming No pruning below 40-50 cm or affects vigour & growth WB#273 p186
Field ops-trimming Prune monthly for more tillers but not below 40cm WB#273 p153
Field ops-trimming Prune prior to flowering; after growth slow down WB#273 p124
Field ops-trimming Prune to 30-50 cm Year 1, encourages tillering WB#273 p243
Field ops-trimming Pruning benefits root growth - Java Newsletter#14 p29
Field ops-trimming Pruning every 2 weeks throughout year for livestock feed WB#273 p223
Field ops-trimming Pruning promotes tillering - China WB#273 p124
Field ops-trimming Sugarcane farmers slash 2x p.a.; trimming 1x every 3-4 years Newsletter#15 p28
Field ops-trimming Topped to 20 cm + weedng increased tillering by 15-20% Newsletter#14 p22
Field ops-trimming Topping removed diseased parts - Malaysia BOSTID p44
Field ops-trimming Trim every 4-5 years - Fiji Newsletter#13 p21
Field ops-trimming Trimming to 30-40 cm before flowering reduces nutrient consumption Newsletter#18 p.39
Field ops-trimming Worker takes 5 minutes to cut 50m bed, 6 rows, 6" planting WB#273 p95
Field ops-water >50% of rainfall lost as runoff WB#273 p219
Field ops-water Arid lands - water every 4-5 days 1st 2 months & every 7 days thereafter WB#273 p152
Field ops-water Average surface runoff reduced from 317 to197mm with hedge WB#273 p52
Field ops-water Equation flow Newsletter#14 p26
Field ops-water Excellent filtering effect on ground water recharge - India Newsletter#15 p21
Field ops-water Hedges trap coarse & fine silts = cleaner runoff water - Australia Newsletter#15 p32
Field ops-water Not diverted; slowed WB#273 p65
Field ops-water Protects loss of water in desert deluges down wadis BOSTID p87
Field ops-water Runoff 73% less in vetiver plot vs bare soil - Malaysia WB#273 p74
Field ops-water Runoff decrease 31%,23% &46% for x-slopes, contour cult. & contour bund WB#273 p53
Field ops-water Runoff reduced by 57% WB#273 p249
Field ops-water Runoff reduced from 40% to 15% on alfisols and vertisols WB#273 p242
Field ops-water Runoff reductions between 35-70% - India WB#273 p203
Field ops-water Streamside management system; variety of plantings by streanm Newsletter#16 p61
Field ops-water Survival related to rainy days, soil depth, stray cattle etc. Newsletter#15 p21
Field ops-water Vetiver as water barrier - See Photo WB#273 p125
Field ops-water Vetiver hedged plot had 13.4% more moisture than without WB#273 p53
Field ops-water Water runoff -Zimbabwe - See Photos Newsletter#17 p50
Nursery-chemicals Atrazine OK as herbicide - Malaysia WB#273 p153
Nursery-chemicals Damaged by Paracol drift - Malaysia WB#273 p153
Nursery-chemicals Roundup/Fusilade/setholxidimate kill vetiver WB#273 p153
Nursery-general Tissue culture-described Newsletter#17 p39
Nursery-harvesting Divide when clump has >20 tillers - China WB#273 p109
Nursery-harvesting Harvesting; leave 3-4 tillers WB#273 p16
Nursery-irrigation Frequency - every 2-3 days if no rain Newsletter#18 p.20
Nursery-irrigation Irrigate every 4-5 days for first 2 months WB#273 p44
Nursery-irrigation Irrigation essential WB#273 p152
Nursery-irrigation Watering did not produce profuse tillering Newsletter#14 p22
Nursery-nutrients Fert = 241 kg/ha 13-13-13; 31kgN; 14kg P; 25kg K WB#273 p152
Nursery-nutrients Fertiliser -Diammonium Phosphate: 250 kgs/ha WB#273 p44
Nursery-nutrients Fertiliser 50-125 kg/ha at 45, 75 and 105 days WB#273 p44
Nursery-nutrients Fertiliser for tillering: 150 kg N/ha + irrigation WB#273 p242
Nursery-nutrients Fertiliser increases tillers 56% in Year 1; 183% in Yr 2; not production WB#273 p152
Nursery-nutrients Fertiliser P and N WB#273 p16
Nursery-nutrients Fertiliser-FYM 25t/ha WB#273 p44
Nursery-nutrients FYM with fertile sandy soil 1:2 + 2 grams DAP essential for good tillering Newsletter#14 p22
Nursery-nutrients Liquid fertiliser top dressing best 2x month - China Newsletter#18 p.20
Nursery-nutrients Use FYM, pig manure best, green manure and oil seed cake WB#273 p152
Nursery-pests Grub & white ant control - 25 kg/ha BHC WB#273 p44
Nursery-pests Sticky worm (5cm long, 1cm�) controlled by contact insecticide WB#273 p153
Nursery-pests Weedicide: Atrazine @ 1.5kg/ha WB#273 p44
Nursery-planting 10 cm long roots enough; not more, not much less - China Newsletter#18 p.21
Nursery-planting 2-3 tillers per clump best (but 4 and 5 tillers not researched) Newsletter#18 p.21
Nursery-planting Bury 2 cm of tops in ground WB#273 p152
Nursery-planting Cut roots from clumps at 20 cm; cut leaves about 30 cm WB#273 p16
Nursery-planting Only 2 polybags/row; 1m between rows - Malaysia -See Diagram WB#273 p157
Nursery-planting Plant in 2 rows 22cm apart; 22 cm on either side WB#273 p18
Nursery-planting Polybags 5" x 7" best - Malaysia WB#273 p156
Nursery-planting Propagation methods (alternatives) defined - China Newsletter#18 p.45
Nursery-planting Shallow planting (3-4 cm) probably better than deep planting - China Newsletter#18 p.21
Nursery-planting Slips planted 5-8 cm deep, 2-3 per hole WB#273 p18
Nursery-planting Spacing 20-30 cm best- China Newsletter#18 p.21
Nursery-planting Timing relative to planting six months WB#273 p16
Nursery-planting Use clumps of about 5 tillers/slip WB#273 p16
Nursery-planting Weeded produced 60% more tillers than unweeded - India WB#273 p153
Nursery-pots 100% survival with containerized pots, 300mm rainfall Newsletter#13 p6
Nursery-pots 4" x 6" pots most economical for transport, fast growth & establishment Newsletter#13 p30
Nursery-pots Aftr 3 months in polypots gives 15-25 tillers Newsletter#14 p22
Nursery-pots Polybag size best 5" x 7" or 4" x 6" WB#273 p171
Nursery-pots Polybags: 3 tillers better than 5 bare root; 5 better than 3 WB#273 p170
Nursery-preparation Beds 30cm high, 68cm wide, 45 cm edge to edge - India WB#273 p18
Nursery-preparation Check with herbariums WB#273 p15
Nursery-preparation Cutting 20 cm below surface WB#273 p16
Nursery-preparation Eject older, flowered/seeded plants which have less vigour WB#273 p150
Nursery-preparation Eject sub-standards 15-20% WB#273 p154
Nursery-preparation Preparation: 40 cm spacings WB#273 p16
Nursery-production 1 ha nursery needs 7,500 kg seedlings: yields 52,500 kg Newsletter#18 p.47
Nursery-production 1.25m bare root slips/1 ha sufficient for 42 km hedge WB#273 p256
Nursery-production 16,000 plantlets from clump of 57 - Malaysia WB#273 p40
Nursery-production After 4 months17 tillers/plant in 7" x 15" polybags WB#273 p44
Nursery-production Cut tops to 20cm; roots to 4-5cm - Malaysia WB#273 p157
Nursery-production Effect of cultivar & bag size on dry weight of tops - See Table WB#273 p170
Nursery-production I ha irrigation + fertiliser can produce slips for 150 km or 450 ha BOSTID p68
Nursery-production Multiplication factor 1:100 WB#273 p5
Nursery-production Output should be close to 100% WB#273 p156
Nursery-production Per/ha yield 189,000 plants; 2.63m tillers/3 months - Malaysia WB#273 p156
Nursery-production Plants at 4 months have good roots for transplanting WB#273 p170
Nursery-production Plants ready for field planting in 2 months - Malaysia WB#273 p156
Nursery-production Production 80-100 tillers/plant WB#273 p16
Nursery-production Tillering 117 slips/clump in 6 months - China Newsletter#18 p.45
Nursery-production Worst production rates in colder locations - Bangladesh WB#273 p151
Nursery-production Yield from 1 ha with 15% cull sufficient for 110-167 km hedge - Malaysia WB#273 p156
Nursery-production Yield from 2-plant row: 21.1/20.6 tillers/plant - Malaysia WB#273 p155
Nursery-seed Do not plant from seed. Use slips WB#273 p141
Nursery-soil Rich well-drained sandy soil best + irrigation - India WB#273 p17
Nursery-spacing Spacing between and within furrows: 40 cm WB#273 p44
Nursery-tillers 2-3 tillers in 15-20 cm furrow; 30 x 40 cm or 30 x 30 cm WB#273 p135
Nursery-tillers 2-3 tillers per 15 - 40 cm; spacing linked to nursery time WB#273 p152
Nursery-trimming Damaged if trimmed less than 4 months after planting - China Newsletter#18 p.20
Nursery-trimming Optimum production if plants trimmed and fertilised - China Newsletter#18 p.20
Nursery-trimming Prune monthly but not below 2 1/2 feet Newsletter#16 p34
Nursery-trimming Prune when established to 30-50 cm; use trimmings for mulch WB#273 p44
Nursery-trimming Pruning time when soil moisture good WB#273 p44
Overview-fertiliser Loss of $2.5bn in N & P p.a. and 15.6mn tons organic carbon WB#273 p4
Overview-fertiliser Most farmers in rainfed areas lose >50% of fertiliser applied WB#273 p7
Overview-fertiliser N, P & organic carbon loss - See Table WB#273 p7
Overview-fertiliser Soil loss = 50 tons per ha - Zimbabwe WB#273 p7
Overview-fertiliser USA loses US$18 bn in fertiliser per annum BOSTID p.xiv
Overview-fertiliser Zimbabwe needs spread US$1.5bn fertiliser to compensate for lost nutrients BOSTID p.xiv
Overview-general "Why conservation schemes fail" - Discussion BOSTID p56
Overview-general American Vetivert Corp supplies planting material WB#273 p187
Overview-general Bibliography - Listed WB#273 p69
Overview-general Criteria for vegetative soil conservation plants - Listed WB#273 p14
Overview-general Disadvantages-sterile, non-competitive, low palatability - Sth Africa Newsletter#18 p.4
Overview-general Distribution - listed WB#273 p31
Overview-general Evaluation of contour vegetative barriers - Listed WB#273 p77
Overview-general Found in >70 nations BOSTID p11
Overview-general Increase populations = end traditional rotations = contunuous row cropping WB#273 p215
Overview-general Low adoption by resource poor, small-scale farmers - South Africa Newsletter#18 p.3
Overview-general Morocco needs 150m cu.m. dam yearly to compensate for sedimentation BOSTID p.xiv
Overview-general NGO application of technology Newsletter#18 p.4
Overview-general Slope, Surface run, Vertical Interval - See Table WB#273 p245
Overview-general Small scale farmers resistance to plant not showing immediate return Newsletter#18 p.56
Overview-general Wild vetiver tolerant of water-logging and drought - China Newsletter#18 p.37
Overview-general World Bank - Small Grants Program Newsletter#17 p43
Overview-history 3000 B.C., vgetative cover codified by Sumerian (Babylon) king WB#273 p41
Overview-history Along roadsides to conserve soil - Gabon WB#273 p64
Overview-history Approved as boundary markers 100 years ago - Zimbabwe Newsletter#13 p5
Overview-history Border erosion plant - Barbados WB#273 p64
Overview-history China's vetiver introduced ex Indonesia 1956 Newsletter#18 p.18
Overview-history Common hedge plant - Ghana WB#273 p64
Overview-history Countries in which vetiver growing - Listed WB#273 p62
Overview-history Cultivated in West Indies as hedge plant WB#273 p63
Overview-history Erosion control, weed barrier, for roads - Mauritius BOSTID p23
Overview-history Essential oil & thatching - Argentina BOSTID p26
Overview-history First distillation - Southern India WB#273 p31
Overview-history First introduced to Fiji 1800's; used for soil conservation 1950s Newsletter#15 p26
Overview-history Found North of New Delhi in swamplands BOSTID p12
Overview-history Grown "for centuries" - Brazil BOSTID p27
Overview-history Hedges - Tropical America WB#273 p64
Overview-history Indian references - copper plates 1103 and 1174 A.D. WB#273 p29
Overview-history Indians used vetiver for > 200 years - Mysore, India WB#273 p217
Overview-history Introduced to coffee plantations-1970s - Ethiopia BOSTID p21
Overview-history Introduced to Fiji for rice bunds and sugar cane 1907 WB#273 p63
Overview-history Introduced to Natal,South Africa for sugarcane 1860 Newsletter#17 p35
Overview-history Introduced to Queensland in 1930s for essential oil WB#273 p99
Overview-history Introduced to St. Vincent for soil conservation >50 years ago BOSTID p6
Overview-history Introdyced to Tunisia by Europeans WB#273 p63
Overview-history Louisiana >150 yrs - USA BOSTID p28
Overview-history No sign of spreading aftr 30 yrs - Cook Islands BOSTID p31
Overview-history Oil export & road protection, soil conservation in coffee - Guatemala BOSTID p28
Overview-history Preventing erosion on slopes & roads - New Caledonia BOSTID p30
Overview-history Protecting coffee terraces > 30 years - Ruanda BOSTID p23
Overview-history Reducing soil loss on volcanic slopes - St. Lucia BOSTID p35
Overview-history Reed used for soil reinforcement - Great Wall of China, Ziggurat in Baghdad Newsletter#17 p30
Overview-history Relates to hedgerows of Great Britain WB#273 p42
Overview-history Soil conservation >50 yrs - Tanzania WB#273 p57
Overview-history Stabilization sugarcane->50 yrs - Malawi BOSTID p23
Overview-history Strips >200 yrs old - India BOSTID p66
Overview-history Topsoil losses have brought down civilizations, e.g. Maya WB#273 p215
Overview-history Undocumented introduction by Moors to Spain Newsletter#16 p43
Overview-history Used as boundary demarcation - Nigeria WB#273 p217
Overview-history Used to choke out weeds - American Samoa BOSTID p30
Overview-history Vetiver only survives naturally in swamps WB#273 p19
Overview-history West Indies + Fiji >50 yrs in sugar cane fields WB#273 p217
Overview-history Wild vetiver (nigritana??) found in Guandong China 1957 Newsletter#18 p.18
Overview-land 11m ha deforestation p.a. 50% needed for cropland replacement WB#273 p215
Overview-land 1m ha black cotton soils cropped 1 x p.a.; could be 2 x p.a. with vetiver WB#273 p10
Overview-land 2bn tons soil loss p.a. 60K t/km2 from Loess Plateau to Yellow River, China BOSTID p.xiv
Overview-land 45% forests,56% farm,86% arable wastes,95% pastures erode - India Newsletter#15 p19
Overview-land Annual mineral nutritional elements lost Southern China 100,000 tons Newsletter#18 p.42
Overview-land Annual organic matter loss in Southern China160,000 tons Newsletter#18 p.42
Overview-land Annual soil loss in Southern China 0.7 billion tons topsoil Newsletter#18 p.42
Overview-land Asia losing 2.5bn tons soil p.a. WB#273 p6
Overview-land Europe losing 1bn tons soil p.a. WB#273 p6
Overview-land FAO estimate 5-7m ha good land lost p.a. ex 11% of total land, 1,500m ha WB#273 p114
Overview-land Global soil eroson 20 bn tons p.a.= 5-7m ha arable land BOSTID p.xiii
Overview-land Global soil loss 10-20 billion tons p.a. Newsletter#18 p.57
Overview-land In arid lands hedge can extend 10-100 km across desert WB#273 p11
Overview-land One third Africa threatened with desertification BOSTID p.xiii
Overview-land Sheet erosion has major impact on soil fertility & fertiliser loss WB#273 p7
Overview-land Soil erosion increased 20 fold over last 30 years BOSTID p.xiii
Overview-land Soil erosion up-71,000 km2 in '50s to 2000,000 in 80's S. China Newsletter#18 p.42
Overview-land Soil loss - Europe & Asia - 1 and 25 bn tons p.a. respectively WB#273 p6
Overview-land South Africa losing 400 million tons soil per year Newsletter#18 p.5
Overview-land USA loses > 1bn tons soil p.a., equivalent to 300,000 ha cropland WB#273 p6
Overview-moisture 30% available rainfall lost in runoff - Zimbabwe WB#273 p8
Overview-moisture Effectively poor moisture conservation turns a 650mm rainband to 455 mm WB#273 p8
Overview-moisture Poor moisture conservation reduces rainfall effectiveness bv 33% WB#273 p7
Overview-names Common name Khas-Khas - Northern India Newsletter#13 p2
Overview-names Common Names - Listed WB#273 p244
Overview-names Faek - Thailand WB#273 p125
Overview-names Listed by country WB#273 p32
Overview-names Monto Vetiver in Australia, conservation and other benefits Newsletter#13 p19
Overview-names Vetiver = "Root that is dug up"; zizanioides = "by riverside" BOSTID p71
Overview-Network >4,000 members , November 1996 Newsletter#16 p2
Overview-Network Amberstone Trust - Donation Newsletter#16 p2
Overview-Network Established as non profit charitable organization with 8 directors Newsletter#15 p2
Overview-Network Innovative Research awards - November, 1996 Newsletter#16 p12
Overview-Network Monsanto Co's John Franz Award, October 1996 - $100,000 Newsletter#16 p1
Overview-Network Royal Danish Govnt - Donation, US$300,000 Newsletter#16 p2
Overview-Network Vetiver Network Support Project Newsletter#16 p11
Overview-production 2nd biggest Vetiver oil producer - Haiti, in South BOSTID p25
Overview-production Annual export 5-10 m. tons p.a. - Reunion Island Newsletter#14 p28
Overview-production Haitian oil very good qualty, high content vetiverol Newsletter#14 p34
Overview-production Pre WWII 60 m.tons exported p.a. - Java Newsletter#14 p28
Overview-production Total world market about 250 m tons p.a. BOSTID p62
Overview-production World production = 140 tons - Haiti, Reunion, Indonesia WB#273 p26
Overview-research Basic Science- Co2 absorption; C13 absorption; taxonomy Newsletter#16 p9
Overview-research Disaster prevention: mudslides; floods, fires, droughts, earth structures Newsletter#16 p8
Overview-research Ecology - Subjects Listed BOSTID p89
Overview-research Farmer support- crafts; thatch; supplementary feeds, improved crop yields Newsletter#16 p8
Overview-research General tolerances; mechanisation of hedge format; dwarfing, root growth Newsletter#16 p10
Overview-research Industrial wastewater Newsletter#16 p7
Overview-research Mechanics of sterility; genetic diversity, nitrogen fixation, cold sensitivity Newsletter#16 p9
Overview-research Need for cultivar screening - Attributes Listed BOSTID p88
Overview-research Need for research in Everglades Florida, Lake Victoria, East African coast Newsletter#16 p5
Overview-research Operational research-conditions for optimum performance - Issues Listed BOSTID p90
Overview-research Ornamentals; screening; animal production; traffic control Newsletter#16 p8
Overview-research Physiology - Subjects Listed BOSTID p89
Overview-research Pollution control - underground flows; soil; industrial spills Newsletter#16 p7
Overview-research Polution control, disaster prevention, science Newsletter#16 p5
Overview-research Research focii listed - Thailand Conference February 1996 Newsletter#15 p8
Overview-research Runoff, natural waters Newsletter#16 p7
Overview-research Sediment control; engineering water flow; waste water treatment Newsletter#16 p6
Overview-research Self-rising utility walls Newsletter#16 p8
Overview-research Soil erosion; water management, farmer support Newsletter#16 p5
Overview-research Transaction of oxygen; heavy metals; disease prevention, mycorrhiza Newsletter#16 p9
Overview-research Watershed management; waterway management; reinforcement e.g. levees Newsletter#16 p6
Overview-research Weed prevention; making steep slopes usable Newsletter#16 p8
Overview-research Wildlife control; mulch; windbreaks; boundary markers, air conditioning Newsletter#16 p8
Overview-spread >100 tropical & semi tropical countries Newsletter#16 p2
Overview-spread Countries listed using Vetiver - See Map WB#273 p216
Overview-spread Countries where vetiver is known - Listed BOSTID p12
Overview-spread Preventing scouring along water courses - West Java Newsletter#13 p3
Overview-spread V. nigratana in Okavango swamps - Botswana Newsletter#17 p35
Pests-chemicals Herbicide 3 days after planting, 3 l/ha Atrazine 500 FW - OK WB#273 p126
Pests-chemicals Herbicides - Glyphosphate OK only if applied after trimming WB#273 p138
Pests-chemicals Paracol (contact weedicide) on rubber; drift only affected tops; recovered WB#273 p96
Pests-disease Black rust-instances observed; not significant WB#273 p242
Pests-disease Brown spot in several countries; causes leaf dieback from tip WB#273 p56
Pests-disease Brown spot, Gloecercospora sorghi has no major effect WB#273 p242
Pests-disease Fungal growth + field dieback - Helminthosporum spp. WB#273 p209
Pests-disease Fungal species - Listed, Malaysia BOSTID p81
Pests-disease Fusarium spp (rust), noted in rainy season WB#273 p56
Pests-disease Fusarium; leaf blight - Use Bordeaux mixture BOSTID p81
Pests-disease Mulching in Strawberries provides effective control against insects WB#273 p30
Pests-disease Nigrospora, Helminthosporium, Curvularia spp. of fungi WB#273 p93
Pests-disease Root-knot nematodes-very resistant Newsletter#15 p36
Pests-disease Smut - identified but not serious - China WB#273 p135
Pests-disease Smuts (two) - Bangalore, India WB#273 p56
Pests-pests Army worm during humid and mild Springs - China WB#273 p135
Pests-pests Attracts white flies - Malaysia WB#273 p75
Pests-pests Beetle (Phyllophaga serrata) infects roots BOSTID p81
Pests-pests Borers die in stem WB#273 p242
Pests-pests Borers lay eggs in soft shoots; stop pruning in Autumn WB#273 p107
Pests-pests Burning helps keep termite free - India WB#273 p186
Pests-pests Holotrichia serrata found in roots WB#273 p56
Pests-pests Hosts listed - Malaysia WB#273 p94
Pests-pests Insect herbivory noted on leaf margins - Nepal WB#273 p56
Pests-pests Mulching effcts on white ant attacks - See Table WB#273 p121
Pests-pests No cases of reservoir for pests or plagues Newsletter#16 p39
Pests-pests Rat infestation - Madagascar WB#273 p56
Pests-pests Stem borer-China; Euoladia grubs - Africa BOSTID p63
Pests-pests Stem borers - fire is good control; pruning counters over-wintering BOSTID p81
Pests-pests Stemborer: grassworm (Chilo spp. Lepidotera Pyralidae) - China WB#273 p77
Pests-pests Stemborers noted in culms - China WB#273 p56
Pests-pests Sticky worm - China WB#273 p80
Pests-pests Striga(witchweed) cereal problem; vetiver could be sacrificial barrier BOSTID p93
Pests-pests Termites attack Vetiver only in arid regions BOSTID p81
Pests-pests Termites controlled by crushed Neem leaves sprayed as a solution Newsletter#14 p4
Pests-pests Termites effect - no evidence WB#273 p55
Pests-pests White ant control - 1kg BHC per 150 m hedge WB#273 p243
Pests-pests White ants eat when dried out - Zimbabwe Newsletter#13 p5
Pests-pests White ants not a problem with vigorous green plants WB#273 p44
Pests-pests White grub attack severe in one instance - Zimbabwe WB#273 p55
Soils-black cotton Use of vetiver hedges only way for double cropping on black cotton soils WB#273 p19
Soils-general 60 t/ha lime + spray irrigation for rehabilitation of gold mine pyrites Newsletter#17 p35
Soils-general Pure white sandy soils unsuitable in India Newsletter#14 p35
Soils-general Stabilizing slimes dams; hedge cools surface, permits other species Newsletter#17 p35
Soils-general Survives in laterite Newsletter#16 p6
Soils-hydrophyte Waterlogged - can withstand for weeks WB#273 p48
Soils-hydrophyte Waterlogged - survived > one month WB#273 p95
Soils-pH Adapted to alkaline kimberlite, high in sodium Newsletter#15 p25
Soils-pH pH 4.5 - 10.5 - Ethiopia and China WB#273 p68
Soils-pH pH alkaline or sodic soils; 100 kg/ha N; 110 kg/ha P WB#273 p177
Soils-saline Salt tolerance high - Australia WB#273 p180
Soils-saline Seashore stabilization - Kerala, India WB#273 p208
Soils-saline Sodic wastes turned into "luxuriant forests" - Northern India Newsletter#16 p6
Soils-saline Soluble salts/exchangeable sodium; vetiver unaffected WB#273 p96
Taxonomy 100 cultivars exist - India WB#273 p205
Taxonomy Accessions listed Newsletter#18 p.28
Taxonomy Accessions-V. ziz.: V4,9,23,28; V. nemoralis: V6,7,8,13,20,22 WB#273 p255
Taxonomy Alternative species tested in Fiji - Listed WB#273 p13
Taxonomy Comparison of ecotypes - Research described - Thailand Newsletter#17 p39
Taxonomy Elite strain BDP-1 - largest root volume, excellent soil binder + productive Newsletter#15 p18
Taxonomy Flower and seedhead large: up to 1.5m long; brown/purple colour BOSTID p76
Taxonomy Gundalep cultivar selected for fodder - fewer white ants WB#273 p43
Taxonomy Hybrid 8 (India) produces 50% more root for oil than local varieties WB#273 p43
Taxonomy Karnataka accession better than Taiping-17% more tillers Newsletter#13 p29
Taxonomy N and S Indian varieties detailed:stems/roots/leaves/oil content/physiology BOSTID p72
Taxonomy N. India type lax, weak stemmed, shallow rooted Newsletter#14 p8
Taxonomy Parit Buntar accession similar to Taiping- better dry weight Newsletter#13 p29
Taxonomy Single clone factor (e.g Sunshine) extremely dangerous Newsletter#18 p.27
Taxonomy Sketch of V plant - See Sketch BOSTID p74
Taxonomy Some cultivars 'forest' types - India/Panama/Guatemala(?) Newsletter#15 p5
Taxonomy South African vetiver genetically identical: Monto & Sunshine Australia/USA Newsletter#17 p35
Taxonomy Synonyms & data - Listed WB#273 p25
Taxonomy USA developing cold climate grass hedge technology Newsletter#16 p5
Taxonomy Uses specialized photosynthesis, converts CO2 to sugars using less water BOSTID p73
Taxonomy V. lawsoni - North India (possibly) Newsletter#14 p45
Taxonomy V. nemoralis upland species; V. zizanioides wetland species WB#273 p254
Taxonomy V. nigratana: height 1.5 m. leaves broad, good for thatch Newsletter#13 p8
Taxonomy V. nigritana equally effective to V. zizanioides - Nigeria WB#273 p145
Taxonomy V.nigritana & V. zizanioides climax vegetation for hundreds years - India WB#273 p239
Taxonomy V.zizanioides: height 1m, narrow leaves, better fodder Newsletter#13 p8
Traits-altitude 2,800m - Guatemala Newsletter#13 p10
Traits-altitude 3,580m - Ecuador Newsletter#16 p17
Traits-altitude 6,000ft-grows well - in Nepal Newsletter#14 p5
Traits-altitude 850-2,400m asl - Ethiopia Newsletter#13 p13
Traits-altitude Grows well at 2,600 meters and on steep slopes (31�) - China Newsletter#18 p.36
Traits-altitude Up to 2,300m-Himalayan foothills Newsletter#17 p30
Traits-chemicals Application of endomycorrhizae cultivars aid root growth & P uptake Newsletter#14 p26
Traits-chemicals Capable of pesticide absorption-Thailand Newsletter#15 p12
Traits-chemicals DM yield effects of various chemicals-Australia - See Tables Newsletter#15 p34
Traits-chemicals Floating island technology removed 99% P and 82% N 4 weeks - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Traits-chemicals Hedgerows aid captivating oversupply chemicals in cabbage production Newsletter#15 p12
Traits-chemicals Highly tolerant: high arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel Newsletter#15 p33
Traits-chemicals Purification for garbage leachgate discussed - China Newsletter#18 p.24
Traits-chemicals Recyclng phosphates deep in soil profile-possibly Newsletter#17 p38
Traits-chemicals Salt spray and acid sulphate conditions tolerance - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Traits-chemicals Sensitive to glyphorate (Roundup)-demonstrated in Australia Newsletter#16 p25
Traits-chemicals Tolerance to high levels mineral toxicity - Australia Newsletter#18 p.38
Traits-chemicals Tolerance to toxic mineral levels described - Australia Newsletter#18 p.52
Traits-chemicals Withstands heavy wind and sea spray - China Newsletter#18 p.67
Traits-climate 2 yr old, 38 cm clump killed by temperatures-13� to -15� GA., USA WB#273 p77
Traits-climate 600 mm low with 9 mnths dry; 6,000 mm in Sri Lanka WB#273 p68
Traits-climate <300 mm; must plant in 160� "V" ditch WB#273 p18
Traits-climate Adapted to Mediterranean conditions - Spain Newsletter#15 p16
Traits-climate Cold tolerance not affcted by fertiliser or accession variability WB#273 p118
Traits-climate Did not die out with temperatures -9.5� WB#273 p107
Traits-climate Drought resistant - China WB#273 p80
Traits-climate Drought resistant, cold hardy, infertile soils tolerance - China Newsletter#18 p.35
Traits-climate Growth ceased with temperatures <15�C Newsletter#13 p19
Traits-climate Growth faster relative to temp WB#273 p151
Traits-climate Hedge can survive in <200 mm rainfall areas WB#273 p232
Traits-climate Killed by 3 day -16� to -18� - Texas WB#273 p77
Traits-climate Mountainous uplands minimum -7� C; 35 frost days, 10-15 snow days WB#273 p124
Traits-climate Must have hot bright sun - experience New Zealand & United Kingdom BOSTID p64
Traits-climate OK above 450mm rainfall - Australia Newsletter#13 p19
Traits-climate Photoperiod influences growth & rhizogenesis (probably) WB#273 p111
Traits-climate Plants damaged with temperatures -13� - Louisiana, USA WB#273 p77
Traits-climate Plants survived frost but killed by temperatures of -16�C Mississippi USA WB#273 p77
Traits-climate Reduced summer soil temps. & winter frost damage - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Traits-climate Sprouted:>12�C; normal >17�C; fast>25�C - China WB#273 p134
Traits-climate Survived 34�N cold - Georgia, USA WB#273 p77
Traits-climate Survives in 300->6000 mm rain bands WB#273 p18
Traits-climate Temperature bands -9�C - +46�C BOSTID p10
Traits-climate Temperature optimum for planting 17.1� C Newsletter#18 p.45
Traits-climate Temperature range-45� max (India); Min -9�C with 10 frost days - Italy WB#273 p68
Traits-climate Threshold soil temperature -5�C - Louisiana, USA WB#273 p133
Traits-climate Tolerant to -12�C to 7�C for 17-20 days - California, USA WB#273 p126
Traits-climate Very sensitive to temperatures - China WB#273 p109
Traits-climate Wide range of temperatures & rainfall- -9�C - 45�C; 200 - 9,000mm WB#273 p235
Traits-climate Withstands any stress except shade and freezing Newsletter#16 p34
Traits-climate Withstands temperatures of >50�C summer; sub-zero winter - South Africa Newsletter#15 p25
Traits-climate Withstands torrential rains after 2-3 growing seasons WB#273 p222
Traits-climate Withstands: heat, drought, salt, alkalinity & waterlogging BOSTID p37
Traits-climate Xerophyte and hydrophyte - possibly due to high salt in leaf sap WB#273 p227
Traits-costs Cheap & easy to establish WB#273 p235
Traits-costs Low cost; economic system; soil moisture conservation WB#273 p250
Traits-engineering Controls roadside & bridge approach erosion WB#273 p5
Traits-engineering Cut section above canal - Philippines - See Photo Newsletter#15 p13
Traits-engineering Engineers should construct effluent ponds on hillsides WB#273 p144
Traits-engineering Grows vertically on >150% slp for engineering use - Malaysia Newsletter#17 p32
Traits-engineering Highway down-slope stabilization - Malaysia - See Photo WB#273 p211
Traits-engineering Highways-culvert silt trap, drains, canal banks, hedges at 1 or 2m VI Newsletter#17 p32
Traits-engineering Protected farm drain-Sth Africa - See Photo WB#273 p213
Traits-engineering Protecting road - Fiji Newsletter#13 p18
Traits-engineering Protecting roadsides - See Diagram WB#273 p239
Traits-engineering Protects footpaths, railways; road cuts;wastewater treatment; flood control BOSTID p86
Traits-engineering Protects irrigation canals from erosion and silting of dams WB#273 p5
Traits-engineering Slope stabilization in bio engineering project - Discussed Newsletter#15 p14
Traits-engineering Stabilization of industrial construction sites - South Africa Newsletter#17 p35
Traits-engineering Stabilizing hillside road edge - See Photo BOSTID p43
Traits-engineering Tensile strength 40-189 Mpa for root diameter 0.2 - 2.2 mm Newsletter#18 p.50
Traits-engineering Tensile strength of 75 MPa, i.e. 33% of mild steel - Malaysia Newsletter#17 p32
Traits-engineering Tensile strength of strong as hardwood roots Newsletter#16 p50
Traits-engineering Tensile strengths of roots - Malaysia - See Table Newsletter#17 p32
Traits-engineering Used for structural strengthening: roads, embankments, drains, gullies WB#273 p250
Traits-fire Firebreak insurance - South Africa WB#273 p124
Traits-fire Firebreaks - Gramoxone, then burnt WB#273 p124
Traits-fire Possible barrier against fires in tree plantings BOSTID p86
Traits-fire Rapid recovery after fire--4 wks full recovery - Malaysia WB#273 p175
Traits-fire Remains green in dry season - Gundalepet cultivar WB#273 p55
Traits-fire Resistant to fire WB#273 p250
Traits-general "Seedlings never seen" - St. Lucia BOSTID p36
Traits-general Acts as "nurse plant" protecting other species, allowing watershed recovery BOSTID p33
Traits-general As mulch-longer lasting than lalang - Malaysia WB#273 p96
Traits-general Averaged contour - See Diagram WB#273 p224
Traits-general Calorimetric analysis-mean gross heat of combustion 18.6 KJ/g WB#273 p144
Traits-general Climax plant; persistent post fire or drought WB#273 p235
Traits-general Combine with trees, shrubs & creepers for biological engineering Newsletter#18 p.39
Traits-general Cross-section of hedge - See Diagram WB#273 p223
Traits-general Crown below surface provides fire protection WB#273 p59
Traits-general Culms without sheaths, with bud-eyes & root points sprout better Newsletter#18 p.19
Traits-general Deep vertical roots (3m), avoids high salt in top levels WB#273 p102
Traits-general Disadvantages-high labour requirement, harbors snakes, rodents-Costa Rica Newsletter#17 p26
Traits-general Disease resistant; not alternative host WB#273 p59
Traits-general Drainage under constructed system - See Diagram WB#273 p221
Traits-general Drainage under vegetative system - See Diagram WB#273 p223
Traits-general Each clump produces different types of tillers WB#273 p161
Traits-general Easily removed - plow out BOSTID p52
Traits-general Effect of fertiliser & spacing - See Table WB#273 p130
Traits-general Extremely resistant to pests & diseases WB#273 p250
Traits-general Fertiliser affects DM early only; spacing more important = more DM WB#273 p131
Traits-general Fixes N & P through rhizobial & mycorrhizal root associations Newsletter#16 p22
Traits-general Found naturally in saline swampy areas; spreads through seed, 2m high WB#273 p84
Traits-general Grows to about 1m wide at base BOSTID p51
Traits-general Hedge intact after > 60 years - Zambia WB#273 p250
Traits-general Hedges compete with crops @ 4m intervals; better 6-8m WB#273 p75
Traits-general Hedges on coffee farm, Costa Rica - See Photo Newsletter#15 p4
Traits-general Insensitive to photoperiod; converts Co2 to sugars with less water BOSTID p73
Traits-general Investigations on inoculating slips with mycorrhiza-adverse conditions WB#273 p255
Traits-general Killed by slicing off crown BOSTID p70
Traits-general Lasts longer than local thatch, more rainproof-Ethiopia WB#273 p65
Traits-general Lateral spread up to 2.5 - 3 m after 30-40 years Newsletter#13 p21
Traits-general Leaves have few stomata, thus drought resistant BOSTID p75
Traits-general Max tillers 9.92 - Mississippi, USA WB#273 p117
Traits-general Mulch for coffee plantations-Zimbabwe WB#273 p34
Traits-general Needs no maintenance or management WB#273 p250
Traits-general Negative factor; heavy metals could enter food chain through plant shoots Newsletter#15 p36
Traits-general Neglected plants (150 yrs); no spreading in situ - USA BOSTID p29
Traits-general Nitrogen fixing ability possible WB#273 p235
Traits-general No fertiliser required by mature plants because of myorrhizal activity Newsletter#13 p19
Traits-general Non-germinating seed; no stolon/rhizome spread WB#273 p59
Traits-general Not flowered for 25 years _ Luisiana, USA WB#273 p250
Traits-general Nutritional analysis -China - See Table WB#273 p136
Traits-general Nutritional analysis 2 accessions - See Table WB#273 p145
Traits-general Old culms from 1st 4 nodes at base of stem best survivors - China Newsletter#18 p.19
Traits-general On-farm use- See Photos Newsletter#17 p50
Traits-general Perennial, little maintenance WB#273 p59
Traits-general Permanent hedge - dense WB#273 p59
Traits-general Pioneer plant for land rehabilitation - China Newsletter#18 p.67
Traits-general Plant height max 2.03 m WB#273 p117
Traits-general Protected crops etc. from wind-blown sand - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Traits-general Protecting masonry terraces - See Diagram WB#273 p238
Traits-general Rainfall & protected/unprotected farm - See Diagram WB#273 p226
Traits-general Resistant to most herbicides; succumbs to glyphosphate BOSTID p83
Traits-general Resists stem borers better than Lemon grass - Cost Rica BOSTID p28
Traits-general Root penetration to 3.6 m - Malaysia Newsletter#15 p15
Traits-general Root system displayed in model - El Salvador Newsletter#17 p28
Traits-general Root system extends 5m underground Newsletter#16 p2
Traits-general Root system strong & fibrous WB#273 p59
Traits-general Roots grow almost straight down BOSTID p9
Traits-general Roots reached 1m in 2 months; in 3 months >2m deep BOSTID p9
Traits-general Same grass subtribe as: maize, sorghum, lemongrass, citron BOSTID p65
Traits-general Seeks out weak spots in embankments for example WB#273 p175
Traits-general Sewage purification a possible development - China Newsletter#18 p.22
Traits-general Sharp leaves + root odour; rodent prevention WB#273 p235
Traits-general Some evidence of spreading under swamp conditions WB#273 p249
Traits-general Some fertile seed on panicles - Philippines WB#273 p79
Traits-general Strip farming - Discussion BOSTID p91
Traits-general Survival in Indian scarcity zones dependent on soil, plant quality etc. Newsletter#18 p.38
Traits-general Survival poor with 25 rainy days p.a.;+ stray cattle - India Newsletter#18 p.39
Traits-general Track can be cut over hedge; gap grows back rapidly WB#273 p15
Traits-general Wetlands - good purifying and stabilising effect - China Newsletter#18 p.22
Traits-general Windbreaks-Natal, South Africa WB#273 p34
Traits-general Yields increased by up to 50% Newsletter#16 p2
Traits-growth 1 cm/day + 1 tiller 7 days with daily temperatures averaging 20�C WB#273 p109
Traits-growth 2cms/day + 3-4 tillers 7 days with daily temperatures averaging 25�C WB#273 p109
Traits-growth 4 phases: frost & dormancy, tillering, rapid growth, production, slow up Newsletter#15 p16
Traits-growth 5 cm per day for >60 days WB#273 p160
Traits-growth 7 months old 1.50 m high; 3.10m root growth-Thailand WB#273 p193
Traits-growth Above ground - 2m in few weeks BOSTID p9
Traits-growth After 40 years uncontrolled lateral spread 0.3 - 0.4m to 2.5m - Fiji Newsletter#15 p27
Traits-growth Can be harvested at any time of year - Texas, USA WB#273 p158
Traits-growth Culms reach 3m high BOSTID p73
Traits-growth Multiplication rates of tillers-Malaysia - See Table WB#273 p137
Traits-growth Needs irrigation for establishment in dry conditions Newsletter#13 p5
Traits-growth Rate of multiplication 8-16fold for internodal stem cuttings WB#273 p138
Traits-growth Root development - See Photo WB#273 p166
Traits-growth Root growth - See Photo BOSTID p76
Traits-growth Root system 4m deep - El Salvador Newsletter#17 p29
Traits-growth Root systm penetrates 5m down - Malaysia Newsletter#17 p32
Traits-growth Roots downwards >3m; lateral growth 50 cm WB#273 p242
Traits-growth Roots grow fast-60cm deep in 3 weeks - Malaysia BOSTID p77
Traits-growth Semi-arid conditions plants take 3 yrs to form complete hedge BOSTID p14
Traits-growth Tillers/plant & clump growth in relation to spacing - See Table Newsletter#17 p33
Traits-growth Under hot conditions 1.5 cm/day growth - China WB#273 p109
Traits-latitude 36�N in China; temperatures -8�C BOSTID p18
Traits-latitude Grows well in any soil at 42�N - China Newsletter#18 p.35
Traits-latitude Mainly tropical but up to 42�N, Near Rome, Italy, 650m asl WB#273 p229
Traits-latitude Primarily 30� N & S of equator Newsletter#15 p7
Traits-links Acidic or slightly alkaline OK with finger millet, castor or peanuts WB#273 p68
Traits-links Acts as 'nurse plant' protecting other species BOSTID p33
Traits-links Combined with Nephrolepis s. (fern) makes efficient hedgerows Newsletter#13 p26
Traits-links Compensatory increase in yields further from hedge WB#273 p75
Traits-links Ideal micro-habitat for establishment of indigenous grass species Newsletter#15 p25
Traits-links Mycorrhiza grow in association with some cultivars - probably WB#273 p61
Traits-links Not competitive with adjacent crops WB#273 p249
Traits-links Plants in boundary rows smaller than central rows - Spain Newsletter#16 p59
Traits-links Sugar cane planted immediately adjacent has little interference - See Photo BOSTID p54
Traits-links Yield reduction with maize, only nearest rows to hedge WB#273 p75
Traits-livestock 2-10 tons DM/ha; not good foodstuff - Mali BOSTID p20
Traits-livestock Comparison of fodder value - See Table WB#273 p65
Traits-livestock DM yield 2-10 tons per annum; digestibility coefficient 35-40% - ILCA BOSTID p20
Traits-livestock Doubtful palatability/digestibility - Columbia WB#273 p140
Traits-livestock Fodder value of Napier Grass better than Vetiver WB#273 p147
Traits-livestock Generally unpalatable to livestock; young leaves palatable WB#273 p235
Traits-livestock Grazing; cannot be grazed out WB#273 p59
Traits-livestock Immune to feral goats - St. Lucia BOSTID p36
Traits-livestock Liked by water buffaloes - India WB#273 p64
Traits-livestock Livestock feed - China Newsletter#18 p.68
Traits-livestock Mature foliage withstands regular grazing by cattle BOSTID p9
Traits-livestock Moderate digestibility (52%IVD) Newsletter#13 p19
Traits-livestock No value as fodder Newsletter#13 p3
Traits-livestock Not eaten by livestock WB#273 p250
Traits-livestock OK for ruminants if mixed with other good quality feeds WB#273 p66
Traits-livestock Palatable to domestic & wild animals - Australia Newsletter#13 p19
Traits-livestock Pigs dig close but don't uproot; also dig deep to 30cm but no harm to plant Newsletter#14 p26
Traits-livestock Pigs eat Napier grass, not vetiver - Papua New Guinea Newsletter#14 p27
Traits-livestock Sheep did not graze lined pathway WB#273 p96
Traits-livestock Young tops consumed by sheep - Malaysia BOSTID p44
Traits-livestock Young vetiver suitable for cows, goats, pigs and fish WB#273 p136
Traits-mulch Little difference with vetiver mulch and leguminous ground cover in rubber WB#273 p132
Traits-mulch Mulching of strawberries in Louisiana late 19th Century Newsletter#18 p.5
Traits-oil 0.5 to 3.3% depending on condition of roots when lifted WB#273 p26
Traits-oil 1 ha yields about 1,000 kg air dried roots Newsletter#14 p29
Traits-oil 15-18 mnths roots in soil optimal; 24-25 months only 0.25% Newsletter#14 p35
Traits-oil 2 yr old root yields 0.8 - 1% oil; modern mill 1.5-2.0%-Reunion Island Newsletter#14 p32
Traits-oil 3 yr old root yields v little oil Newsletter#14 p31
Traits-oil 454 kg ex 2 crops p.a.= 45 kg/ha WB#273 p26
Traits-oil Aging for 6 months improves quality - Brazil Newsletter#14 p35
Traits-oil Chemical composition - Defined Newsletter#14 p32
Traits-oil Correlation oil yield from roots & non-flowering Newsletter#14 p8
Traits-oil Distillation 1 charge 12-36 hrs -Java Newsletter#14 p30
Traits-oil Distillation 1 charge 36 hrs - Brazil Newsletter#14 p35
Traits-oil Distillation 1 charge 36-48 hrs -Reunion Island Newsletter#14 p31
Traits-oil Distillation 1 charge 36-72 hrs - Haiti Newsletter#14 p33
Traits-oil Distillation; cut in small pieces, wet, steam 4-5 atmospheres Newsletter#14 p30
Traits-oil In sandy seashore yields 0.5% oil - Reunion Newsletter#14 p34
Traits-oil Most oil with most fragrance from 18 month roots - China Newsletter#18 p.18
Traits-oil Odour of young light oils-green/earthy; older root odour fuller, richer Newsletter#14 p30
Traits-oil Oil cells only found in root bark; yields 0.4-1.0% weight of dry roots Newsletter#13 p3
Traits-oil Oil chemical composition and market - Discussed BOSTID p79
Traits-oil Oil content decreases in clay soils, oil content 2-2.5% - China Newsletter#18 p.18
Traits-oil Oil mainly in roots; some in leaves BOSTID p80
Traits-oil Quality of oil better from loose soils, no water-logging - China Newsletter#18 p.37
Traits-oil Root has high viscosity and high boiling point Newsletter#14 p30
Traits-oil Use & consumption vetiver oil limited; oil difficult to distill Newsletter#14 p29
Traits-oil Yield 25-50 grams essential oil from 5 kgs roots WB#273 p26
Traits-oil Yield 280-520 kg/ha - Brazil Newsletter#14 p35
Traits-pests Nematode resistance high - Australia Newsletter#18 p.37
Traits-pests Resistant to nematodes - IRRI Philippines Newsletter#18 p.17
Traits-pests Root fungus can damage plants; lowers yield Newsletter#14 p29
Traits-pests V. zizanioides Monto (sterile & non sterile) resistant to rootknot nematode Newsletter#15 p36
Traits-pollution Brackish water fishery waste clean up, pollution control Newsletter#15 p1
Traits-pollution Prification of eutrophic water described - China Newsletter#18 p.40
Traits-production Biomass regrowth in 6 month-old plant 124-358,000 kg/ha with fertiliser WB#273 p118
Traits-production Biomass regrowth in 6 month-old plant 177-354,000 kg/ha with accessions WB#273 p118
Traits-production Biomass yield from VHG in citrus 15 tons/ha Newsletter#18 p.41
Traits-production Height 150 -200 cm after 6 months - China Newsletter#18 p.39
Traits-production No relation between leaf size & oil content Newsletter#14 p34
Traits-production Summer crop yields increased by 34% with vetiver hedges - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Traits-production Tiller production 18-20/clump after 6 months - China Newsletter#18 p.39
Traits-production Treatment effects on above ground biomass - See Table WB#273 p107
Traits-production Tea yields increased by 40% if in conjunction with vetiver hedge Newsletter#18 p.1
Traits-shade After establishment, no stress WB#273 p48
Traits-shade Dry weight slips without shade 2.43 times more than w/shade - China Newsletter#18 p.44
Traits-shade Grown under heavy shade - See Photo BOSTID p19
Traits-shade Growth difference 90.8 cm shade(3.5 months)/no shade - China Newsletter#18 p.44
Traits-shade Not shade tolerant; reduces tillers, shoots and roots WB#273 p88
Traits-shade Poor performance under shade Newsletter#15 p4
Traits-shade Shade during establishment stresses growth WB#273 p48
Traits-shade Temporary effect only WB#273 p179
Traits-slopes >60% slopes + pH 4.1 - China WB#273 p217
Traits-slopes Slopes - 30% to 40% - China WB#273 p68
Traits-soil Grows on infertile laterite but urea application increased growth Newsletter#18 p.44
Traits-soils Adverse: coastal,high/low pH,black cotton,barren,wtrlogged,arid,saline BOSTID p64
Traits-soils Biomass increased soil organic matter from 0.4% to 1.8% - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Traits-soils Crop yield increases w/hedges: 6% banks; 26% contour cult.; 10% leucana BOSTID p13
Traits-soils Established on barren orange grit facing salt spray and sea winds BOSTID p46
Traits-soils Established on pure sand and caolin clay - South Africa BOSTID p45
Traits-soils Established on slime residue from cement manufacture BOSTID p45
Traits-soils Exchangeable sodium; high levels OK with high pH 9.0 - 10.6 Newsletter#15 p13
Traits-soils Gold mine & slimes dams stabilization - South Africa Newsletter#15 p14
Traits-soils Grew in high Aluminium toxic soils- India WB#273 p17
Traits-soils Grew well on substrate mainly of quartz and gravel WB#273 p17
Traits-soils Grows better under slightly acid soil conditions WB#273 p152
Traits-soils Grows in bauxite - Sri Lanka BOSTID p10
Traits-soils Grows wild in low, damp sites, e.g. swamps and bogs BOSTID p71
Traits-soils Hard soil penetration - Thailand WB#273 p196
Traits-soils High tolerance to salinity levels; DM yield Rhodes, Vetiver & Paspalum WB#273 p100
Traits-soils Hot winds in slime dams pH 3.3 - South Africa Newsletter#14 p13
Traits-soils In desert conditions will rise above sand build up BOSTID p87
Traits-soils Most suitable-loose, sandy or young volcanic ashes Newsletter#14 p29
Traits-soils Multiplication rates - different soil conditons-Malaysia - See Table WB#273 p137
Traits-soils OK for self sustainable growth kimberlite tailings, slimes dams Newsletter#15 p25
Traits-soils Persists in very dry soil conditions - China WB#273 p135
Traits-soils Persists in very wet soil conditions - China WB#273 p135
Traits-soils pH 3.3-9.5; aluminium concentration >68%, manganese >578 ppm, 17.5 dSm Newsletter#13 p19
Traits-soils pH 4.5 - 8.5 - China WB#273 p124
Traits-soils pH 9 to 10.6 throughout profile - India Newsletter#14 p26
Traits-soils pH increased 5.7-5.9 w/soil erosion control & better retention profile bases Newsletter#14 p21
Traits-soils pH range: 4.5 Ethiopia & China; pH 10.5 India WB#273 p68
Traits-soils Range of soil saline levels 4.6 to 10.5 d/Sm WB#273 p134
Traits-soils Reclamation 'usar' hard black alkaline, pH 11.0 & salty soils -India BOSTID p36
Traits-soils Reclamation abandoned strip mines & borrow pits-Kentucky, USA Newsletter#13 p24
Traits-soils Reclamation usar alkaline soils - See Photos BOSTID p38
Traits-soils Rehabilitation mining waste & contaminated land, pH tolerance, salinity Newsletter#15 p32
Traits-soils Rehabilitation toxic municipal waste dump - Queensland - See Photo Newsletter#15 p33
Traits-soils Saline threshold 8mScm -1 ECse; 17.5 , Scm-1 reduces by 50% Newsletter#13 p26
Traits-soils Sand, heavy clay, rocky, volcanic, swamps, saline deltas WB#273 p158
Traits-soils Satisfactory tillering with pH 4.7 - Malaysia WB#273 p69
Traits-soils Slope stability increased through soil moisture depletion via suction-possibly Newsletter#17 p32
Traits-soils Slopes of 30-40% - China WB#273 p68
Traits-soils Soil bulk density --; porosity, organic matter & trace elements ++ Newsletter#18 p.2
Traits-soils Soil impoverisher debunked -Haiti BOSTID p25
Traits-soils Soil losses reduced 70-90% Newsletter#16 p2
Traits-soils Soil moisture increased 12% to 18% - India Newsletter#14 p21
Traits-soils Suitable for reclamation and stabilization of saline lands WB#273 p105
Traits-soils Suitable in castal sands with strong winds - China Newsletter#18 p.67
Traits-soils Survives in aluminium rich soils; deadly to most plants BOSTID p52
Traits-soils Thrives in wide range pH, Al, Mn, and pH 3.3-9.5 Newsletter#15 p12
Traits-soils Tolerant to high and low pH WB#273 p60
Traits-soils Wide pH range; soil fertility not limiting WB#273 p227
Traits-soils Wide range of soil conditions - sands, shales, mining slag WB#273 p235
Traits-soils Will grow in pH levels 3.8 to 9.9 WB#273 p249
Traits-soils Windbreaks & soil stabilization in desert areas BOSTID p87
Traits-soils Withstands tunnelling and cracking WB#273 p235
Traits-soils Yield reduction of 50% when soil salimity is 15-24 mScm WB#273 p105
Traits-temperature 10� - 45�C - N.W. Queensland, Australia Newsletter#13 p19
Traits-temperature 24-39�C; rainfall; 1,000 - 2,500mm - Ethiopia Newsletter#13 p14
Traits-temperature Minimum of 15�C for growth WB#273 p151
Traits-temperature Near Rome -11� C WB#273 p17
Traits-temperature Survives slight frosts, dies when soil freezes WB#273 p134
Traits-water Copes well with floods, drought & poor soil conditions WB#273 p125
Traits-water Flood resistant; survived 45 days emersion BOSTID p9
Traits-water Hedgerows protecting embankments around deep pond - See Photo BOSTID p43
Traits-water Hedges holding back water - See Photo BOSTID p53
Traits-water Hydraulic characteristics - Australia Newsletter#15 p13
Traits-water Planted along streams/ponds; filters coffee pulp; reduces pollution WB#273 p65
Traits-water Protected canal bank - See Photo Newsletter#15 p14
Traits-water Survived 12 months total submersion - Natal, South Africa Newsletter#17 p35
Traits-water Survived 45 days immersion - India WB#273 p17
Traits-water Water clean-up in bioreactors - USA Newsletter#13 p25
Traits-weeds Allelopathic effect of on weeds; possible development natural herbicide Newsletter#15 p17
Traits-weeds Barrier to weeds; rhizomes cannot pass WB#273 p19
Traits-weeds Blocks weeds & grasses, e.g. Zimbabwe & Mauritius BOSTID p9
Traits-weeds Couch grass cannot penetrate - Sri Lanka BOSTID p16
Traits-weeds Dense rootng repels weed grasses, e.g. Cynodon dactylon WB#273 p222
Traits-weeds Not a weed WB#273 p249
Traits-wildlife Repels rats & snakes WB#273 p59
Traits-wildlife Repels rodents & other animals WB#273 p250
Trees/forestry Circled around fruit trees unfavourable as blocks moisture WB#273 p196
Trees/forestry Erosion limitation in Eucalyptus - China WB#273 p258
Trees/forestry Eucalyptus establishment - runoff reduced by 28% WB#273 p259
Trees/forestry Eucalyptus establishment; soil loss reduced from 17.6 to 2.9t/ha WB#273 p259
Trees/forestry Eucalyptus establishment; tree growth increased by 28% WB#273 p259
Trees/forestry Fruit trees need no irrigation; vetiver provides water retention WB#273 p237
Trees/forestry Fruit trees planted behind vetiver contour barriers - Trinidad BOSTID p25
Trees/forestry Half moon circles around fruit trees, no competition if trimmed Newsletter#14 p14
Trees/forestry Little grows under eucalyptus WB#273 p258
Trees/forestry Mangos planted behind hedge WB#273 p12
Trees/forestry Nurturing trees - See Diagram WB#273 p236
Trees/forestry Only in bulk prevent soil loss WB#273 p220
Trees/forestry Pioneer plant with Eucalyptus for soil rehabilitation - China Newsletter#18 p.3
Trees/forestry Plant amongst hedgerows - Southern China Newsletter#16 p26
Trees/forestry Planted circular around fruit trees - See Photo Newsletter#14 p25
Trees/forestry Planted in base of V ditch; trees planted above WB#273 p236
Trees/forestry Stabilizing trees - See Diagram WB#273 p236
Trees/forestry Vetiver not competitive with trees - Vietnam Newsletter#15 p24
Trees/forestry Water run-off reduced by 51% in eucalyptus plantations- China Newsletter#18 p.2
Trees/forestry With hedge 90% survival; without hedge 30% survival WB#273 p237
Uses-conservation Controlling run-off from golf courses WB#273 p255
Uses-conservation Flood bank stabilization from sea surges - Bangladesh WB#273 p169
Uses-conservation Flood plain stabilization - Natural Resources Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-conservation Ground water recharge - Natural Resources Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-conservation Gully control - Natural Resources Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-conservation On farm soil & water conservation - Natural Resources Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-conservation Stabilization of fish pond dikes - China Newsletter#18 p.2
Uses-conservation Stream bank stabiliser to stop sedimentation of lake - USA Newsletter#13 p24
Uses-dams/canals Avoidance of silting up in dams; trapping with vetiver before entry to dam WB#273 p240
Uses-dams/canals Dam protection (spillways/walls/waves) - Natural Resources Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-dams/canals Dam protection - Inlets 1m apart in lines - Zimbabwe WB#273 p12
Uses-dams/canals Planted around pond corralled ducks - China BOSTID p10
Uses-dams/canals Reservoir embankment stabilization & wave action control - Zimbabwe Newsletter#17 p37
Uses-dams/canals Rice irrigation field channels - Nepal WB#273 p57
Uses-dams/canals Rice paddy bund stabiliser - Nepal WB#273 p57
Uses-dams/canals Silt traps at dam entrances - Ghana WB#273 p57
Uses-domestic Boiled in water as tea - Fiji BOSTID p29
Uses-domestic Curry seasoning - Malaysia Newsletter#16 p35
Uses-domestic Double mats - West Indies WB#273 p64
Uses-domestic Flea repellant - Dog Fancy Magazine WB#273 p113
Uses-domestic Fuel - Economic Uses Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-domestic Fuel briquettes - UK/USA/South Africa Newsletter#13 p4
Uses-domestic Fuel where quick heat required - Hong Kong WB#273 p144
Uses-domestic Mattress stuffng - Central African Republic BOSTID p23
Uses-domestic Oil repels flies & cockroaches; insect repellant BOSTID p80
Uses-domestic Ornamental around houses - Ethiopia BOSTID p21
Uses-domestic Roof thatching - Ethiopia Newsletter#13 p14
Uses-domestic Roofing - termites do not eat; 3-5 years duration Newsletter#16 p15
Uses-domestic Roofing-better than Imperata cylindrica - Thailand WB#273 p125
Uses-domestic Root aroma in drinking water Newsletter#15 p3
Uses-domestic Root deters: clothes moths; lice in heads, bedbugs BOSTID p80
Uses-domestic Roots mixed with sugar cane alcohol hair lotion for baldness Newsletter#16 p16
Uses-domestic Spice with meat - China WB#273 p124
Uses-domestic Stems hold paint & keeps colour Newsletter#16 p35
Uses-domestic Thatch - >3 years - Fiji WB#273 p13
Uses-domestic Thatch lasts longer than other grasses - Ethiopia BOSTID p22
Uses-domestic Thatching - St. Vincent WB#273 p57
Uses-domestic Wall hangings - Barbados BOSTID p26
Uses-domestic With shampoo and soap for aroma Newsletter#15 p3
Uses-engineering Bridge protection - See Figure 44 WB#273 p240
Uses-engineering Construction site stabilization - Construction & Engineering Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-engineering Embankment & cut stabilization - Construction & Engineering Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-engineering Planted along edge of road - West Indies, Philippines, Tanzania WB#273 p12
Uses-engineering Stabilise bridge wing-walls WB#273 p12
Uses-engineering Stormwater detention ponds; copes with urban run-off WB#273 p144
Uses-fodder Cattle feed - biomass crushed, protein added Newsletter#16 p23
Uses-fodder Fish rearing; cut leaves eaten by carp WB#273 p95
Uses-fodder Prunings for livestock feed; replaces rice straw for bedding BOSTID p17
Uses-general Biomass for mulching fruit trees WB#273 p84
Uses-general Bioponics, recycling water Newsletter#14 p4
Uses-general Excess herbicide and pesticide clean up - Pollution Control Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-general Excludes creeping grass/weeds from tobacco fields - Zimbabwe BOSTID p22
Uses-general Hedges trap manure in run-off from feedlots, piggeries, dairies Newsletter#13 p21
Uses-general Ornamental plant - Zaire BOSTID p23
Uses-general Paper manufacturing - Economic Uses Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-general Production efficiency to promote edible fungi better than woods Newsletter#18 p.68
Uses-general Pulp for paper - West Indies WB#273 p64
Uses-general Pulp suitable for strawboards, also writing/printing paper WB#273 p64
Uses-general Rope and mulen Newsletter#15 p10
Uses-general Ropes from stems - India WB#273 p64
Uses-general Stems and leaves used in cultivation of edible fungi - China Newsletter#18 p.44
Uses-handicrafts Baskets - Nepal WB#273 p57
Uses-handicrafts Brooms from flowers WB#273 p57
Uses-handicrafts Clothes hangers covered in roots and bound in ribbons BOSTID p25
Uses-handicrafts Combs from roots WB#273 p57
Uses-handicrafts Dried roots protect clothes from moths - Caribbean BOSTID p24
Uses-handicrafts Fans-large Newsletter#16 p34
Uses-handicrafts Firelighters - Malawi WB#273 p209
Uses-handicrafts Hairbrushes to scent hair Newsletter#16 p35
Uses-handicrafts Handicrafts - Economic Uses Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-handicrafts Hats - West Indies WB#273 p64
Uses-handicrafts Herb craft and herb fairs Newsletter#16 p35
Uses-handicrafts Lampshades Barbados BOSTID p26
Uses-handicrafts Mats & handicrafts - St. Lucia BOSTID p24
Uses-handicrafts Mats etc-Nigeria - See Photo Newsletter#15 p10
Uses-handicrafts Moth control in closets; effective for two years Newsletter#16 p35
Uses-handicrafts Perfumed mats - Brazil BOSTID p27
Uses-handicrafts Perfumery - St. Vincent WB#273 p57
Uses-handicrafts Toothpicks Newsletter#16 p34
Uses-livestock Ensiled (30 day cutting interval); + urea, molasses, ground cassava chips Newsletter#15 p16
Uses-livestock Leaves good fish food - China WB#273 p124
Uses-livestock Livestock bedding stays dry but good soakage WB#273 p241
Uses-livestock Livestock fodder - Economic Uses Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-livestock Shade for lambs; heat 20% liveweight loss; increased productivity 15% Newsletter#13 p7
Uses-livestock Silage-good palatability, pH, %DM, lactic & butyric acid, nutritional value Newsletter#15 p16
Uses-medical Aphrodisiac - Herbal Medicines Media
Uses-medical Control of dermatits & fungus with root extract Newsletter#16 p16
Uses-medical Controls hemorrhoids, fever, rheumatism and neuralgia Newsletter#16 p16
Uses-medical Controls high blood pressure - Philippine medicine man Newsletter#16 p3
Uses-medical Herbal medications; stomach gas, stomach treatment WB#273 p198
Uses-medical Induces sweating & stimulant - Honduras Newsletter#16 p35
Uses-medical Infusion from roots for stomachs, nerves, insomnia & hangovers Newsletter#13 p8
Uses-medical Tea as tranquilizer, sleep inducer, headache remedy, hangovers Newsletter#13 p12
Uses-medical Tea ex root; hangover cure, calming nerves in people/horses WB#273 p168
Uses-medical Used as enema; treatment for gonorrhea WB#273 p35
Uses-mulch Coffee mulch - long lasting - Ethiopia Newsletter#13 p14
Uses-mulch Mulch for tree crops WB#273 p241
Uses-mulch Substrate for mushroom culture Newsletter#15 p16
Uses-oil Scented oil for centuries BOSTID p11
Uses-onfarm Compost making with vetiver - Research Program - Thailand Newsletter#15 p17
Uses-onfarm Composting - St. Vincent WB#273 p57
Uses-onfarm Crop yield enhancement - Economic Uses Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-onfarm Decoration & windbreak for coffee plants - Ethiopia Newsletter#13 p4
Uses-onfarm Erosion proof farm border, better than lemon grass - Costa Rica BOSTID p27
Uses-onfarm Firebreaks WB#273 p241
Uses-onfarm Sheds & shelters WB#273 p241
Uses-onfarm Under passion fruit (60% shade); conservation on steep slopes WB#273 p254
Uses-onfarm Windbreaks - protects fruit trees for example WB#273 p241
Uses-onfarm Windbreaks - USA WB#273 p57
Uses-onfarm Windbreaks in desertifying areas BOSTID p87
Uses-onfarm. Boundary marker - Nigeria WB#273 p57
Uses-onfarm. Boundary marker - St. Vincent WB#273 p57
Uses-pests/disease Natural herbicides & pesticides - Economic Uses Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-pests/disease Nematode control in coffee; 250 grams roots boiled in 1 gallon water Newsletter#16 p26
Uses-soils Mine dump stabilization and rehabiltation - Construction & Engineering Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-soils Municipal and industrial waste dump stabilization - Pollution Control Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-soils Rehabilitation of mining and contaminated lands - Queensland, Australia Newsletter#14 p16
Uses-soils Wasteland rehabilitation - Natural Resources Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-waste control Excess soils chemical - Inhibitor to movement Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-waste control High level of tolerance to toxic metals - Pollution Control Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-waste control Inhibitor to toxic metal movement - Pollution Control Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-waste control Waste water clean up - Pollution Control Newsletter#15 p1
Uses-water control Irrigation canal protection WB#273 p240
Uses-water control Lining river banks, feeding into dams; controlled 4-500l/sec flow Newsletter#17 p37
Uses-water control River bank stabilization - Natural Resources Newsletter#15 p1
Water management 6mm rainfall = 20 cm water in ditch WB#273 p11
Water management Decrease in run-off - See Graph WB#273 p54
Water management Decreases-average total run-off for items below: 317, 261, 197 mm WB#273 p52
Water management Decreases: cross slope,contour cultivated,contour bunding: 31%, 23%, 46% WB#273 p52
Water management Effect of conservation measures on surface run-off - Malaysia - See Table WB#273 p99
Water management Effect of conservation on surface run-off medium/deep soils - Queensland WB#273 p99
Water management Run-off 73% less in vetiver plot than bare soil WB#273 p74
Water management Run-off reduced from 30 to 47% on slopes of >5% WB#273 p68
Water management Sufficient water for olive trees in 300mm rainfall - Jordan WB#273 p11
Water management Surface run-off 30-60% less in vetiver areas WB#273 p52
Water management Vetiver had 26% more soil moisture than control WB#273 p76
Water management Water stabiliser-rapid growth, strong roots, no turbulence WB#273 p42
Wildlife-birds 4x more bird species use Stream Management System - plant variety Newsletter#16 p61
Wildlife-birds Trim to stop "Maya" birds nesting Newsletter#16 p4
Wildlife-fish Chinese carp eat leaves - Malaysia BOSTID p44
Wildlife-fish Sediment build up covering gravel beds WB#273 p9
Wildlife-general Aromatic oil in roots detracts rodents and other pests WB#273 p222
Wildlife-general Eaten by warthogs WB#273 p35
Wildlife-general Higher earthworm & insect populations near hedge = bird population increase Newsletter#17 p41
Wildlife-general Snakes repelled by aromatic smell - China Newsletter#18 p.15
Wildlife-general Tall, stiff stemmed grasses impede entry by foxes, coyotes, racoons etc. Newsletter#17 p41
Wildlife-rodents Difficult for rats to penetrate - Panama Newsletter#15 p38
Wildlife-rodents Mole rats may be deterred by oil laden roots BOSTID p18
Wildlife-rodents Rat & crab prevention - Canal Stabilization WB#273 p12
Wildlife-rodents Rats nest in hedges under dry conditions when no root odour WB#273 p206
Wildlife-rodents Resistance to rats & insects WB#273 p54
Wildlife-rodents Vetiver does not harbour rats - Madagascar BOSTID p22


Last Updated on 12/13/99
By Richard Grimshaw